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LATG > Chapter 14: Comon Health Probelms Of Laboratory Animals > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Comon Health Probelms Of Laboratory Animals Flashcards

1
Q

The most common method used to detect the presence of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) in a colony is:

A

Serology testing of sentinels or colony animals

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2
Q

True or False

Mouse parvovirus in rats and mice is always subclinical

A

True

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3
Q 
Which of the following is NOT an indication an animal has malocclusion?
A- weight loss
B- excess salivation
C- wetness of the chain and fore paws
D- increased aggression to cage mates
A

D- increased aggression to cage mates

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4
Q

What changes in the appearance of young mice would indicate that they suffer from epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM)?

A

Stains around the anus and the base of the tail caused by yellow stools

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5
Q 
Wild-caught are likely to carry which ectoparasites?
A- mites
B- ticks
C- fleas
D- all of the above
A

D- all of the above

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6
Q

Bacterial diarrhea of hamsters is known by what common name?

A

Wet-tail disease

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7
Q

Which viral disease of rodents affects the salivary glands and the Harderian glands?

A

Sialodacryoadenitis (SDAV)

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8
Q

True or Flalse

Syphacia spp. can be detected by finding eggs on the perineum of the affected animal.

A

True

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9
Q

True or False

Rabies can be transmitted by mosquitoes.

A

False

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10
Q

True or False

Antibiotics effective against mainly gram positive organisms should be avoided in guinea pigs.

A

True

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11
Q

List two possible causes of hairballs in rabbits

A

1- self-grooming

2- insufficient dietary fiber

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12
Q 
Which of the following is an often fatal disease affecting ferrets?
A- canine distemper
B- Aleutian disease
C- influenza
D- infectious tracheobronchitis
A

A - canine distemper

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13
Q

Name a ferret disease that affects only the females of the species

A

Aplastic anemia

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14
Q

Canine parvovirus is an acute infection affecting which part of the gastrointestinal system?

A

The lining of the small intestine

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15
Q

How is heartworm infection spread?

A

Mosquitoes

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16
Q

Which treatment relieves feline lower urinary tract disease?
A- inserting a catheter in the urethra
B- using medication to make the urine more acidic
C- limiting water intake
D- providing more magnesium in the diet

A

A- inserting a catheter in the urethra

B- using medication to make the urine more acidic

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17
Q

In most cases, how do nonhuman primates contract tuberculosis?

A

Via infected humans

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18
Q

True or False

Intradermal tuberculin testing is used to test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis

A

True

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19
Q

What special precaution should the staff take when performing a necropsy on an animal suspected of having tuberculosis?

A

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including a respirator

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20
Q

What is the primary cause of fighting in aquatic species?

A

Overcrowding

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21
Q

True or False

Q-fever is only found in sheep

A

False

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22
Q

List two other common names for orf

A

1- contagious ecthyma

2- sore mouth

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23
Q

List at 3 reasons Corynebacterium bovis is clinically relevant in the vivarium

A

1- high degree of virulence
2- environmental persistence
3- high potential for reinfection even after treatment

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24
Q 
Which of the following pathogens causes velvet disease?
A- aeromonas hydrophila
B- ichthyopthirius multifilis
C- pseudoloma neurophila 
D- piscinoodinium pillulare
A

D- piscinoodinium pillulare

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25
Q

What is the cause of gas bubble disease in fish?

A

Too much air dissolved in the water (supersaturation)

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26
Q 
How is rumen stasis generally treated?
A- Surgical incision of the rumen
B- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes
C- Inoculation of normal rumen contents
D- Placement of a permanent rumen tube
A

B- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes

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27
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pasteurellosis in rabbits?
A- Pneumonia
B- Nasal and ocular discharge
C- Vomiting
D- Head tilt
A

C- Vomiting

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28
Q 
What is the causative agent of Tyzzer’s disease?
A- Dirofilaria immitis
B- Clostridium piliforme
C- Staphylococcus aureus
D- Pneumocystis carinii
A

B- Clostridium piliforme

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29
Q 
The mouse norovirus is spread by which route of transmission?
A- airborne
B- respiratory (droplet)
C- carried by fur mites
D- fecal-oral
A

D- fecal-oral

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30
Q 
Which type of virus is orf?
A- paramyxovirus
B- arbovirus
C- coronavirus
D- poxvirus
A

D- poxvirus

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31
Q 
Which term is used for the stones that can be found in the bladders of some cats?
A- uroliths
B- cystuli
C- cystotrips
D- lithocysts
A

A- uroliths

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32
Q

What clinical sign would suggest that young mice may have episodic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM)?
A- lack of appetite
B- red stains around the anus
C- yellow stains around the base of the tail
D- extremely high fever

A

C- yellow stains around the base of the tail

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33
Q 
Guinea pigs housed on wire floors may have inflamed, swollen, and painful feet due to infection with which organism?
A- Dirofilaria immitis 
B- Corynebacterium bovis
C- Staphylococcus aureus
D- Clostridium piliforme
A

C- Staphylococcus aureus

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34
Q 
What is the primary sign of orf?
A- blisters
B- gradual weight loss
C- conjunctivitis
D- diarrhea
A

A- blisters

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35
Q 
What is the most common sign of infection with the B virus?
A- skin rash
B- diarrhea
C- oral lesions or ulcers
D- hacking cough
A

C- oral lesions or ulcers

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36
Q 
Which disease is often fatal in ferrets?
A- infectious tracheobronchitis
B- influenza
C- Aleutian disease
D- canine distemper
A

D- canine distemper

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37
Q 
Which disease may result in the sudden death of large numbers of fish in the aquaria?
A- gas bubble disease
B- microsporidosis
C- intestinal capillariasis
D- bacterial gill disease
A

A- gas bubble disease

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38
Q 
What step should be taken by an employee who works with nonhuman primates and has been exposed to measles outside of the facility?
A- practice more frequent hand washing
B- wear a double face mask
C- notify their facility supervisor
D- begin taking an aspirin daily
A

C- notify their facility supervisor

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39
Q

Which statement regarding pinworms is FALSE?
A- pinworms can be detected using a fecal floatation test
B- female Aspiculuris tetraptera pinworms lay eggs on the perineum
C- female Syphacia pinworms migrate from the cecum and large intestine
D- pinworms may alter an animal’s immune response

A

B- female Aspiculuris tetraptera pinworms lay eggs on the perineum

40
Q

Which statement regarding malignant hyperthermia in swine is FALSE?
A- it can be treated by administering ice packs to lower body temperature
B- It can be triggered by anesthesia, stress, or exercise
C- it is a genetic disorder
D- it is always fatal

A

D- it is always fatal

41
Q 
Which mouse viral infection is considered the most widespread in facilities in the United States and Canada?
A- mouse parvovirus
B- mouse hepatitis virus
C- epizootic diarrhea of infant mice
D- mouse norovirus
A

D- mouse norovirus

42
Q 
At necropsy, which finding is most likely in an animal infected by Mycoplasma pulmonis?
A- putrefaction of intestinal contents
B- scarred lungs
C- nasal lesions
D- eggs of the pathogen in tissues
A

B- scarred lungs

43
Q 
Which type of research would be particularly affected if ferrets in a study had Aleutian disease?
A- cellular disease
B- genetics
C- immunological
D- neuroscience
A

C- immunological

44
Q 
What should be used to clear Clostridium pilliforme from equipment?
A- high heat
B- chlorine dioxide
C- an antisporicidal sterilant
D- a fenbendazole solution
A

C- an antisporocidal sterilant

45
Q

What is the typical treatment for a ruminant with a severely distended, bloated abdomen?
A- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes
B- inoculation of normal rumen contents
C- surgical incision of the rumen
D- placement of a permanent rumen tube

A

C- surgical incision of the rumen

46
Q 
Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and the accumulation of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A- teeth, plaque
B- gums, tartar
C- oral mucosa, feed
D- jaws, calcium
A

B- gums, tartar

47
Q 
Insufficient dietary fiber in rabbits can cause which of the following?
A- coccidiosis
B- diarrhea
C- trichobezoars
D- bloat
A

C- trichobezoars

48
Q 
Where are Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms) found in a dog’s body?
A- left atrium and aorta
B- right ventricle and aorta
C- right atrium and pulmonary artery
D- left ventricle and pulmonary artery
A

C- right atrium and pulmonary artery

49
Q 
To test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis, the tuberculin is injected intradermally in which part of the body?
A- upper eyelid
B- inside of the front limb
C- back of the neck
D- back of the ear
A

A- upper eyelid

50
Q 
Which zoonotic agent can be harbored by hamsters for an extended period of time, often without clinical signs?
A- Clostridium pilliforme
B- Sialoacryoadnitis virus
C- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
D- Norovirus
A

C- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

51
Q 
An infection with Pseudocapillaroides xenophobia is called:
A- ulcerative amphibian dermatitis
B- cutaneous capillariasis
C- fin rot
D- red leg
A

B- cutaneous capillariasis

52
Q 
Which of the following does NOT predispose a cat to be more likely to develop feline lower urinary tract disease?
A- a diet of mainly dry food
B- restricted access to water
C- little exercise
D- a diet containing taurine
A

D- a diet containing taurine

53
Q 
To reduce the chance of contracting orf, which precaution should always be taken by personnel handling sheep?
A- wear gloves
B- shower after handling sheep
C- wear a mask
D- use a respirator
A

A- wear gloves

54
Q

Which statement is FALSE?
A- Otitis externa is due to a viral infection of the ear canal
B- An inflammation of the ear canal may be seen in otitis externa
C- Otitis externa occurs with and without ear mites
D- Bacteria and yeast may be involved in otitis externa

A

A- Otitis externa is due to a viral infection of the ear canal

55
Q

Pododermatitis in guinea pigs is frequently seen in which of the following situations?
A- Storing feed for more than 90 days
B- Keeping the humidity in the room at too high a level
C- Overcrowding in cages
D- Housing the animals on wire floors

A

D- Housing the animals on wire floors

56
Q 
Which disease in fish is caused by a protozoan species?
A- Fin rot
B- Ich
C- Intestinal capillariasis
D- New tank syndrome
A

B- Ich

57
Q

What treatment is recommended for dogs diagnosed with canine parvovirus?
A- anthelmentic, analgesics, and fever reducing drugs
B- intravenous fluids, fever reducing drugs, and enforced inactivity
C- antiemetic, analgesic, intravenous fluid
D- intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and analgesics

A

C- antiemetic, analgesic, intravenous fluid

58
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of joint disease in swine?
A- trauma
B- poor hoof care
C- inappropriate flooring
D- genetic disorder
A

D- genetic disorder

59
Q 
Which ferret disease affects only the females of the species?
A- Aleutian disease
B- influenza
C- distemper
D- aplastic anemia
A

D- aplastic anemia

60
Q

Which swine disease can be prevented by vaccination?
A- Mycoplasmal pneumonia
B- Porcine circovirus
C- Staphylococcus hyicus
D- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

A

D- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

61
Q 
Which type of virus is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
A- Arbovirus
B- Herpesvirus
C- Retrovirus
D- Coronvirus
A

C- Retrovirus

62
Q 
Which of the following is FALSE regarding Q fever?
A- It affects only sheep
B- It can be passed in body fluids
C- It is a rickettsial disease
D- It is easily mistaken for influenza
A

A- It affects only sheep

63
Q 
If fighting occurs among an aquatic species, what is usually the cause?
A- mating cycles
B- water quality
C- incompatibility
D- overcrowding
A

D- overcrowding

64
Q 
Which of the following is NOT an effective treatment for insulinoma in ferrets?
A- high protein diet
B- insulin
C- prednisone
D- corn syrup
A

B- insulin

65
Q 
A bacterial septicemia that occurs frequently in frogs and that can cause erosion of the toes, feet and jaws is called:
A- red leg
B- bacterial gill disease
C- contagious ecthyma
D- amphibian blood disease
A

A- red leg

66
Q

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of mouse parvovirus?
A- can remain in tissue as a latent infection
B- persistent in the environment
C- causes alterations in the digestive tract
D- resistant to chemical disinfectants

A

C- causes alterations in the digestive tract

67
Q 
Which disease is characterized by fish rubbing their sides and flipping around in the corners of the tank?
A- velvet disease
B- bacterial gill disease
C- intestinal capillariasis
D- microsporidosis
A

A- velvet disease

68
Q 
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of feline respiratory disease?
A- conjunctivitis
B- sneezing
C- a harsh dry cough
D- oral ulceration
A

C- a harsh dry cough

69
Q 
To test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis, the tuberculin is injected intradermally in which part of the body?
A- inside the front limb
B- back of the ear
C- upper eyelid
D- back of the neck
A

C- upper eyelid

70
Q 
The causative agent for idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis is:
A- unknown
B- viral
C- parasitic
D- bacterial
A

A- unknown

71
Q 
Which zoonotic viral disease often remains asymptomatic in infected macaques and can be fatal in humans?
A- tuberculosis
B- contagious ecthyma
C- viral pneumonia
D- B virus
A

D- B virus

72
Q 
Microsporidosis in fish is caused by which type of pathogen?
A- bacterium
B- virus
C- fungus
D- parasite
A

C- fungus

73
Q

Pododermatitis in guinea pigs is frequently seen in which of the following situations?
A- Housing the animals on wire floors
B- Keeping the humidity in the room at too high a level
C- Storing feed for more than 90 days
D- Overcrowding in cages

A

A- Housing the animals on wire floors

74
Q 
Which condition causes a moist greasy exudate on the skin of swine?
A- Salt toxicity
B- Staphylococcus hyicus
C- Malignant hyperthermia
D- Porcine circovirus
A

B- Staphylococcus hyicus

75
Q 
Otitis externa in cats may be associated with infestation by what arthropod?
A- Malassezia pachydermatis
B- Otodectes cynotis
C- Dirofilaria immitis
D- Notoedres cati
A

D- Notoedres cati

76
Q 
Which of the following is a sign of chronic cutaneous capillariasis in amphibians?
A- Increased egg production
B- Erosion of toes
C- Lack of movement when prodded
D- Skin hemorrhage
A

D- Skin hemorrhage

77
Q 
Mycobacteriosis in fish is thought to spread through which of the following?
A- Cannibalism of dead tank mates
B- Aerosol inhalation
C- Not wearing gloves when handling fish
D- Contaminated feed
A

A- Cannibalism of dead tank mates

78
Q

Which statement about Corynebacterium bovis is FALSE?
A- Transmission can be reduced by using microisolation-type caging
B- It is highly virulent and persistent in the environment
C- It causes a hyperkeratotic dermatitis
D- Chlorine dioxide is effective for decontamination of C. bovis

A

A- Transmission can be reduced by using micro isolation-type caging

79
Q 
A goat that is staggering and kicking their belly most likely has which condition?
A- rumen statis
B- gastric ulcers
C- grain overload
D- bloat
A

C- grain overload

80
Q 
Which is a clinical sign of coccidiosis?
A- rectal prolapse
B- ataxia
C- altered liver function
D- swelling in the neck region
A

C- altered liver function

81
Q 
New tank systems may develop high levels of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in the water that may kill fish.
A- ammonia
B- oxygen
C- carbon dioxide
D- carbon monoxide
A

A- ammonia

82
Q 
Which disease cause lethargy and excessive mucus spots on the skin of fish?
A- bacterial gill disease
B- velvet disease
C- microsporidosis
D- Ich
A

D- Ich

83
Q 
What is the most common sign of infection with B virus?
A- oral lesions or ulcers
B- skin rash
C- hacking cough
D- diarrhea
A

A- oral lesions or ulcers

84
Q 
Canine parvovirus is an acute infection affecting which part of the gastrointestinal system?
A- pancreas
B- small intestine
C- stomach
D- liver
A

B- small intestine

85
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a sign of red leg?
A- lack of movement when prodded
B- dry rough skin
C- skin hemorrhages
D- erosion of toes
A

B- dry rough skin

86
Q 
Which of the following is least likely to cause intestinal inflammation in mice or rats?
A- Clostridium spp.
B- Heliobacter spp.
C- Lawsonia intracellularis
D- Mycoplasma spp.
A

D- Mycoplasma spp.

87
Q

To prevent ruminants from suffering positional bloat during a surgical procedure, which measure is typically taken during the procedure?
A- placement of a rumen tube
B- administration of pH buffers
C- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes
D- administration of an antacid

A

A- placement of a rumen tube

88
Q 
Which species are carriers of B. bronchiseptica and so should not be housed in the same areas as guinea pigs?
A- rabbits
B- gerbils
C- hamsters
D- rats
A

A- rabbits

89
Q 
Which type of drug is NOT part of heartworm treatment?
A- glucocorticoid 
B- antifungal
C- antibiotic
D- anthelminthic
A

B- antifungal

90
Q 
Helicobacter spp. Are commonly diagnosed with which technique?
A- bacterial culture
B- polymerase chain reaction
C- histological examination
D- fecal flotation
A

B- polymerase chain reaction

91
Q 
If swine are unable to access water, they may develop:
A- salt toxicity
B- staphylococcus hyicus
C- porcine circovirus
D- malignant hyperthermia
A

A- salt toxicity

92
Q 
Which method is BEST for preventing infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs?
A- vaccination
B- clean, dry bedding
C- a high-fiber diet
D- elimination of fleas
A

A- vaccination

93
Q 
Which type of feed can be used to effectively treat pinworm-infected colonies?
A- a fortified, closed formula feed
B- a feed obtaining vitamin C
C- feed medicated with fenbendazole
D- feed medicated with tetracycline
A

C- feed medicated with fenbendazole

94
Q 
Pseudocapillaroides xenopi is what type of organism?
A- bacterium
B- whipworm
C- virus
D- nematode
A

D- nematode

95
Q 
Which of the following is a major agent involved in feline respiratory disease?
A- viral rhinotrachetis
B- bordetella bronchiseptica
C- staphylococcal bacterial infection
D- pneumocystis
A

A- viral rhinotrachetis

96
Q 
Which of the following does NOT predispose a cat to be more likely to develop feline lower urinary tract disease?
A- restricted access to water
B- a diet containing taurine
C- a diet of mainly dry food
D- little exercise
A

B- a diet containing taurine

97
Q 
What makes rabbits prone to blockages caused by hairballs?
A- low lung capacity
B- scanty intake of water
C- narrow trachea
D- small pyloric lumen
A

D- small pyloric lumen

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