Chapter 14: Comon Health Probelms Of Laboratory Animals Flashcards by Lori Akin

The most common method used to detect the presence of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) in a colony is:

Serology testing of sentinels or colony animals

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True or False

Mouse parvovirus in rats and mice is always subclinical

True

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Which of the following is NOT an indication an animal has malocclusion?
A- weight loss
B- excess salivation
C- wetness of the chain and fore paws
D- increased aggression to cage mates

D- increased aggression to cage mates

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What changes in the appearance of young mice would indicate that they suffer from epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM)?

Stains around the anus and the base of the tail caused by yellow stools

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Wild-caught are likely to carry which ectoparasites?
A- mites
B- ticks
C- fleas
D- all of the above

D- all of the above

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Bacterial diarrhea of hamsters is known by what common name?

Wet-tail disease

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Which viral disease of rodents affects the salivary glands and the Harderian glands?

Sialodacryoadenitis (SDAV)

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True or Flalse

Syphacia spp. can be detected by finding eggs on the perineum of the affected animal.

True

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True or False

Rabies can be transmitted by mosquitoes.

False

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True or False

Antibiotics effective against mainly gram positive organisms should be avoided in guinea pigs.

True

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List two possible causes of hairballs in rabbits

1- self-grooming

2- insufficient dietary fiber

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Which of the following is an often fatal disease affecting ferrets?
A- canine distemper
B- Aleutian disease
C- influenza
D- infectious tracheobronchitis

A - canine distemper

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Name a ferret disease that affects only the females of the species

Aplastic anemia

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Canine parvovirus is an acute infection affecting which part of the gastrointestinal system?

The lining of the small intestine

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How is heartworm infection spread?

Mosquitoes

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Which treatment relieves feline lower urinary tract disease?
A- inserting a catheter in the urethra
B- using medication to make the urine more acidic
C- limiting water intake
D- providing more magnesium in the diet

A- inserting a catheter in the urethra

B- using medication to make the urine more acidic

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In most cases, how do nonhuman primates contract tuberculosis?

Via infected humans

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True or False

Intradermal tuberculin testing is used to test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis

True

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What special precaution should the staff take when performing a necropsy on an animal suspected of having tuberculosis?

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including a respirator

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What is the primary cause of fighting in aquatic species?

Overcrowding

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True or False

Q-fever is only found in sheep

False

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List two other common names for orf

1- contagious ecthyma

2- sore mouth

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List at 3 reasons Corynebacterium bovis is clinically relevant in the vivarium

1- high degree of virulence
2- environmental persistence
3- high potential for reinfection even after treatment

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Which of the following pathogens causes velvet disease?
A- aeromonas hydrophila
B- ichthyopthirius multifilis
C- pseudoloma neurophila 
D- piscinoodinium pillulare

D- piscinoodinium pillulare

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What is the cause of gas bubble disease in fish?

Too much air dissolved in the water (supersaturation)

``` How is rumen stasis generally treated? A- Surgical incision of the rumen B- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes C- Inoculation of normal rumen contents D- Placement of a permanent rumen tube ```

B- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes

``` Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pasteurellosis in rabbits? A- Pneumonia B- Nasal and ocular discharge C- Vomiting D- Head tilt ```

C- Vomiting

``` What is the causative agent of Tyzzer’s disease? A- Dirofilaria immitis B- Clostridium piliforme C- Staphylococcus aureus D- Pneumocystis carinii ```

B- Clostridium piliforme

``` The mouse norovirus is spread by which route of transmission? A- airborne B- respiratory (droplet) C- carried by fur mites D- fecal-oral ```

D- fecal-oral

``` Which type of virus is orf? A- paramyxovirus B- arbovirus C- coronavirus D- poxvirus ```

D- poxvirus

``` Which term is used for the stones that can be found in the bladders of some cats? A- uroliths B- cystuli C- cystotrips D- lithocysts ```

A- uroliths

What clinical sign would suggest that young mice may have episodic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM)? A- lack of appetite B- red stains around the anus C- yellow stains around the base of the tail D- extremely high fever

C- yellow stains around the base of the tail

``` Guinea pigs housed on wire floors may have inflamed, swollen, and painful feet due to infection with which organism? A- Dirofilaria immitis B- Corynebacterium bovis C- Staphylococcus aureus D- Clostridium piliforme ```

C- Staphylococcus aureus

``` What is the primary sign of orf? A- blisters B- gradual weight loss C- conjunctivitis D- diarrhea ```

A- blisters

``` What is the most common sign of infection with the B virus? A- skin rash B- diarrhea C- oral lesions or ulcers D- hacking cough ```

C- oral lesions or ulcers

``` Which disease is often fatal in ferrets? A- infectious tracheobronchitis B- influenza C- Aleutian disease D- canine distemper ```

D- canine distemper

``` Which disease may result in the sudden death of large numbers of fish in the aquaria? A- gas bubble disease B- microsporidosis C- intestinal capillariasis D- bacterial gill disease ```

A- gas bubble disease

``` What step should be taken by an employee who works with nonhuman primates and has been exposed to measles outside of the facility? A- practice more frequent hand washing B- wear a double face mask C- notify their facility supervisor D- begin taking an aspirin daily ```

C- notify their facility supervisor

Which statement regarding pinworms is FALSE? A- pinworms can be detected using a fecal floatation test B- female Aspiculuris tetraptera pinworms lay eggs on the perineum C- female Syphacia pinworms migrate from the cecum and large intestine D- pinworms may alter an animal’s immune response

B- female Aspiculuris tetraptera pinworms lay eggs on the perineum

Which statement regarding malignant hyperthermia in swine is FALSE? A- it can be treated by administering ice packs to lower body temperature B- It can be triggered by anesthesia, stress, or exercise C- it is a genetic disorder D- it is always fatal

D- it is always fatal

``` Which mouse viral infection is considered the most widespread in facilities in the United States and Canada? A- mouse parvovirus B- mouse hepatitis virus C- epizootic diarrhea of infant mice D- mouse norovirus ```

D- mouse norovirus

``` At necropsy, which finding is most likely in an animal infected by Mycoplasma pulmonis? A- putrefaction of intestinal contents B- scarred lungs C- nasal lesions D- eggs of the pathogen in tissues ```

B- scarred lungs

``` Which type of research would be particularly affected if ferrets in a study had Aleutian disease? A- cellular disease B- genetics C- immunological D- neuroscience ```

C- immunological

``` What should be used to clear Clostridium pilliforme from equipment? A- high heat B- chlorine dioxide C- an antisporicidal sterilant D- a fenbendazole solution ```

C- an antisporocidal sterilant

What is the typical treatment for a ruminant with a severely distended, bloated abdomen? A- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes B- inoculation of normal rumen contents C- surgical incision of the rumen D- placement of a permanent rumen tube

C- surgical incision of the rumen

``` Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the _______ and the accumulation of _______. A- teeth, plaque B- gums, tartar C- oral mucosa, feed D- jaws, calcium ```

B- gums, tartar

``` Insufficient dietary fiber in rabbits can cause which of the following? A- coccidiosis B- diarrhea C- trichobezoars D- bloat ```

C- trichobezoars

``` Where are Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms) found in a dog’s body? A- left atrium and aorta B- right ventricle and aorta C- right atrium and pulmonary artery D- left ventricle and pulmonary artery ```

C- right atrium and pulmonary artery

``` To test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis, the tuberculin is injected intradermally in which part of the body? A- upper eyelid B- inside of the front limb C- back of the neck D- back of the ear ```

A- upper eyelid

``` Which zoonotic agent can be harbored by hamsters for an extended period of time, often without clinical signs? A- Clostridium pilliforme B- Sialoacryoadnitis virus C- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus D- Norovirus ```

C- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

``` An infection with Pseudocapillaroides xenophobia is called: A- ulcerative amphibian dermatitis B- cutaneous capillariasis C- fin rot D- red leg ```

B- cutaneous capillariasis

``` Which of the following does NOT predispose a cat to be more likely to develop feline lower urinary tract disease? A- a diet of mainly dry food B- restricted access to water C- little exercise D- a diet containing taurine ```

D- a diet containing taurine

``` To reduce the chance of contracting orf, which precaution should always be taken by personnel handling sheep? A- wear gloves B- shower after handling sheep C- wear a mask D- use a respirator ```

A- wear gloves

Which statement is FALSE? A- Otitis externa is due to a viral infection of the ear canal B- An inflammation of the ear canal may be seen in otitis externa C- Otitis externa occurs with and without ear mites D- Bacteria and yeast may be involved in otitis externa

A- Otitis externa is due to a viral infection of the ear canal

Pododermatitis in guinea pigs is frequently seen in which of the following situations? A- Storing feed for more than 90 days B- Keeping the humidity in the room at too high a level C- Overcrowding in cages D- Housing the animals on wire floors

D- Housing the animals on wire floors

``` Which disease in fish is caused by a protozoan species? A- Fin rot B- Ich C- Intestinal capillariasis D- New tank syndrome ```

B- Ich

What treatment is recommended for dogs diagnosed with canine parvovirus? A- anthelmentic, analgesics, and fever reducing drugs B- intravenous fluids, fever reducing drugs, and enforced inactivity C- antiemetic, analgesic, intravenous fluid D- intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and analgesics

C- antiemetic, analgesic, intravenous fluid

``` Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of joint disease in swine? A- trauma B- poor hoof care C- inappropriate flooring D- genetic disorder ```

D- genetic disorder

``` Which ferret disease affects only the females of the species? A- Aleutian disease B- influenza C- distemper D- aplastic anemia ```

D- aplastic anemia

Which swine disease can be prevented by vaccination? A- Mycoplasmal pneumonia B- Porcine circovirus C- Staphylococcus hyicus D- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

D- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

``` Which type of virus is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? A- Arbovirus B- Herpesvirus C- Retrovirus D- Coronvirus ```

C- Retrovirus

``` Which of the following is FALSE regarding Q fever? A- It affects only sheep B- It can be passed in body fluids C- It is a rickettsial disease D- It is easily mistaken for influenza ```

A- It affects only sheep

``` If fighting occurs among an aquatic species, what is usually the cause? A- mating cycles B- water quality C- incompatibility D- overcrowding ```

D- overcrowding

``` Which of the following is NOT an effective treatment for insulinoma in ferrets? A- high protein diet B- insulin C- prednisone D- corn syrup ```

B- insulin

``` A bacterial septicemia that occurs frequently in frogs and that can cause erosion of the toes, feet and jaws is called: A- red leg B- bacterial gill disease C- contagious ecthyma D- amphibian blood disease ```

A- red leg

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of mouse parvovirus? A- can remain in tissue as a latent infection B- persistent in the environment C- causes alterations in the digestive tract D- resistant to chemical disinfectants

C- causes alterations in the digestive tract

``` Which disease is characterized by fish rubbing their sides and flipping around in the corners of the tank? A- velvet disease B- bacterial gill disease C- intestinal capillariasis D- microsporidosis ```

A- velvet disease

``` Which of the following is NOT characteristic of feline respiratory disease? A- conjunctivitis B- sneezing C- a harsh dry cough D- oral ulceration ```

C- a harsh dry cough

``` To test nonhuman primates for tuberculosis, the tuberculin is injected intradermally in which part of the body? A- inside the front limb B- back of the ear C- upper eyelid D- back of the neck ```

C- upper eyelid

``` The causative agent for idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis is: A- unknown B- viral C- parasitic D- bacterial ```

A- unknown

``` Which zoonotic viral disease often remains asymptomatic in infected macaques and can be fatal in humans? A- tuberculosis B- contagious ecthyma C- viral pneumonia D- B virus ```

D- B virus

``` Microsporidosis in fish is caused by which type of pathogen? A- bacterium B- virus C- fungus D- parasite ```

C- fungus

Pododermatitis in guinea pigs is frequently seen in which of the following situations? A- Housing the animals on wire floors B- Keeping the humidity in the room at too high a level C- Storing feed for more than 90 days D- Overcrowding in cages

A- Housing the animals on wire floors

``` Which condition causes a moist greasy exudate on the skin of swine? A- Salt toxicity B- Staphylococcus hyicus C- Malignant hyperthermia D- Porcine circovirus ```

B- Staphylococcus hyicus

``` Otitis externa in cats may be associated with infestation by what arthropod? A- Malassezia pachydermatis B- Otodectes cynotis C- Dirofilaria immitis D- Notoedres cati ```

D- Notoedres cati

``` Which of the following is a sign of chronic cutaneous capillariasis in amphibians? A- Increased egg production B- Erosion of toes C- Lack of movement when prodded D- Skin hemorrhage ```

D- Skin hemorrhage

``` Mycobacteriosis in fish is thought to spread through which of the following? A- Cannibalism of dead tank mates B- Aerosol inhalation C- Not wearing gloves when handling fish D- Contaminated feed ```

A- Cannibalism of dead tank mates

Which statement about Corynebacterium bovis is FALSE? A- Transmission can be reduced by using microisolation-type caging B- It is highly virulent and persistent in the environment C- It causes a hyperkeratotic dermatitis D- Chlorine dioxide is effective for decontamination of C. bovis

A- Transmission can be reduced by using micro isolation-type caging

``` A goat that is staggering and kicking their belly most likely has which condition? A- rumen statis B- gastric ulcers C- grain overload D- bloat ```

C- grain overload

``` Which is a clinical sign of coccidiosis? A- rectal prolapse B- ataxia C- altered liver function D- swelling in the neck region ```

C- altered liver function

``` New tank systems may develop high levels of __________ in the water that may kill fish. A- ammonia B- oxygen C- carbon dioxide D- carbon monoxide ```

A- ammonia

``` Which disease cause lethargy and excessive mucus spots on the skin of fish? A- bacterial gill disease B- velvet disease C- microsporidosis D- Ich ```

D- Ich

``` What is the most common sign of infection with B virus? A- oral lesions or ulcers B- skin rash C- hacking cough D- diarrhea ```

A- oral lesions or ulcers

``` Canine parvovirus is an acute infection affecting which part of the gastrointestinal system? A- pancreas B- small intestine C- stomach D- liver ```

B- small intestine

``` Which of the following is NOT a sign of red leg? A- lack of movement when prodded B- dry rough skin C- skin hemorrhages D- erosion of toes ```

B- dry rough skin

``` Which of the following is least likely to cause intestinal inflammation in mice or rats? A- Clostridium spp. B- Heliobacter spp. C- Lawsonia intracellularis D- Mycoplasma spp. ```

D- Mycoplasma spp.

To prevent ruminants from suffering positional bloat during a surgical procedure, which measure is typically taken during the procedure? A- placement of a rumen tube B- administration of pH buffers C- administration of warmed saline and electrolytes D- administration of an antacid

A- placement of a rumen tube

``` Which species are carriers of B. bronchiseptica and so should not be housed in the same areas as guinea pigs? A- rabbits B- gerbils C- hamsters D- rats ```

A- rabbits

``` Which type of drug is NOT part of heartworm treatment? A- glucocorticoid B- antifungal C- antibiotic D- anthelminthic ```

B- antifungal

``` Helicobacter spp. Are commonly diagnosed with which technique? A- bacterial culture B- polymerase chain reaction C- histological examination D- fecal flotation ```

B- polymerase chain reaction

``` If swine are unable to access water, they may develop: A- salt toxicity B- staphylococcus hyicus C- porcine circovirus D- malignant hyperthermia ```

A- salt toxicity

``` Which method is BEST for preventing infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs? A- vaccination B- clean, dry bedding C- a high-fiber diet D- elimination of fleas ```

A- vaccination

``` Which type of feed can be used to effectively treat pinworm-infected colonies? A- a fortified, closed formula feed B- a feed obtaining vitamin C C- feed medicated with fenbendazole D- feed medicated with tetracycline ```

C- feed medicated with fenbendazole

``` Pseudocapillaroides xenopi is what type of organism? A- bacterium B- whipworm C- virus D- nematode ```

D- nematode

``` Which of the following is a major agent involved in feline respiratory disease? A- viral rhinotrachetis B- bordetella bronchiseptica C- staphylococcal bacterial infection D- pneumocystis ```

A- viral rhinotrachetis

``` Which of the following does NOT predispose a cat to be more likely to develop feline lower urinary tract disease? A- restricted access to water B- a diet containing taurine C- a diet of mainly dry food D- little exercise ```

B- a diet containing taurine

``` What makes rabbits prone to blockages caused by hairballs? A- low lung capacity B- scanty intake of water C- narrow trachea D- small pyloric lumen ```

D- small pyloric lumen