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LATG > Chapter 13- Agents Of Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 13- Agents Of Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

The main difference between bacteria and viruses is that bacteria contain nucleic acids and viruses do not.

A

False

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2
Q

True or False

A gram positive bacterium has a thin internal cell wall

A

False

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3
Q

What are the three most common bacterial shapes?

A

1- cocci
2- bacilli
3- spiral

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4
Q

What is the difference between a microaerophilic bacterium and an aerobic bacterium?

A

A microaerophilic bacterium grows best in low oxygen concentration, an aerobic bacterium grows in a normal atmospheric concentration of oxygen

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5
Q

Name at least three characteristics that are used to identify bacteria

A

1- oxygen requirements
2- staining characteristics
3- pH needs

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6
Q 
Which of the following is not a mode of bacterial locomotion?
A- squirming
B- gliding
C- writhing
D- propulsion
A

C- writhing

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7
Q

A bacteria with cilia will have:
A- hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane
B- long, tail-like shape and smooth cell wall
C- a blob-like shape and smooth cell wall
D- a thick capsule surrounding the cell

A

A- hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane

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8
Q

Bacteria staining dark blue to purple with gram stain are called:

A

Gram-positive

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9
Q

True or False

Most viruses have a cytoplasm which contains DNA, RNA, and proteins

A

False

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10
Q

What is the definition of virulence?

A

The degree of pathogenicity of an microorganism

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11
Q

Prions are infectious agents that are made up of:

A

Proteins

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12
Q 
Many different organisms can grow in a(n)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ agar, but differences in their reactions can be observed.
A- acidic
B- selective
C- undefined
D- differential
A

D- differential

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13
Q

Which statement is FALSE regarding bacterial capsules?
A- A capsule is a protective envelope
B- Some gram-negative bacteria have a capsule
C- A capsule is produced on the inner side of the cell membrane
D- A capsule can protect against phagocytosis by white blood cells

A

C- A capsule is produce on the inner side of the cell membrane

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14
Q 
Mycology is the study of which organism?
A- Fungi
B- Prions
C- Mites
D- Viruses
A

A- Fungi

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15
Q

Which characteristic is true of sucking lice but not true of chewing lice?
A- Sucking lice are host-specific and spread by direct contact
B- Sucking lice do not have wings
C- Sucking lice have legs that can grasp
D- Sucking lice have narrow heads and mouthparts

A

D- Sucking live have narrow heads and mouthparts

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16
Q 
Proglottids are rice-like segments of which parasite?
A- Flukes
B- Thorny-head worms
C- Leeches
D- Tapeworms
A

D- Tapeworms

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17
Q 
In which group of helminths are tapeworms found?
A- Acanthocephalids
B- Nematodes
C- Trematodes
D- Cestodes
A

D- Cestodes

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18
Q 
Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?
A- Nematodes
B- Acanthocephalids
C- Cestodes
D- Trematodes
A

A- Nematodes

19
Q

What is the definition of virulence?
A- The resistance of an organism to the immune system
B- The speed with which an organism can replicate
C- The degree of pathogenicity of an organism
D- The ability of an organism to infect a host

A

C- The degree of pathogenicity of an organism

20
Q

In comparison with other infectious agents, what is a unique characteristic of prions?
A- Prions cannot grow in the absence of oxygen
B- Prions do not contain nucleic acid
C- Prions only grow where the pH is under 7.0
D- Prions can be destroyed by radiation

A

B- Prions do not contain nucleic acid

21
Q 
Spherical or round bacterium are called:
A- cocci
B- bacilli
C- vibrios
D- spirochetes
A

A- cocci

22
Q 
Mosquitos are vectors for transmission of which of the following parasites?
A- heartworms
B- tapeworms
C- strongyles
D- pinworms
A

A- heartworms

23
Q 
Which decontamination method is the only way to ensure complete destruction of prions?
A- strongly acidic detergents
B- formaldehyde
C- radiation
D- incineration
A

D- incineration

24
Q 
Which of the following arachnids are NOT commonly found in mice fur?
A- Mycoptes musculinis
B- Radfordia affinis
C- Sarcoptes scabiei
D- Myobia musculi
A

C- Sarcoptes scabiei

25
Q

What are hydatid cysts?
A- cysts produced by an accumulation of lucid in the liver
B- fluid-filled cyst containing tapeworm larvae
C- sac-like structure that is excreted in the feces of animals infected by Trematodes
D- pus-containing skin growths resulting from ectoparaiste infestation around the hair shafts

A

B- fluid-filled cyst containing tapeworm larvae

26
Q 
Which type of RNA virus is the measles?
A- arbovirus
B- coronavirus
C- orthomyxovirus
D- paramyxovirus
A

D- paramyxovirus

27
Q

A mycelium is formed by which of the following?
A- the agglutination of slimy bacterial spores
B- viruses growing in culture
C- individual yeast cells growing in culture
D- a mold colony

A

D- a mold colony

28
Q

What is Ctenocephalides felis?
A- the species of Hirudinea that infests rhesus monkeys
B- the insect known as a typical mouse louse
C- the arachnid species that causes mange on rabbits
D- the most common species of fleas found on cats and dogs

A

D- the most common species of fleas found on cats and dogs

29
Q 
Which of the following fungi are microspordia that cause lethargy, tremors, and partial paralysis in rabbits?
A- Candida albicans
B- Encephalitozoon cuniculi
C- Batrachochytrum dendrobatidisis
D- Pseudoloma nuerophilia
A

B- Enceohalitozoon cuniculi

30
Q

How do hookworms generally enter the body?
A- fecal-oral route
B- ingestion of the intermediate host
C- inhalation of spores
D- penetration of the skin or oral mucosa

A

D- penetration of the skin or oral mucosa

31
Q

Which statement is TRUE regarding viral reproduction?
A- Viruses reproduce in the fluids that surround the cells in the host’s tissues
B- Agars are good media that allow virus reproduction and growth without the need for the virus to enter a host cell
C- Viruses can replicate outside a cell
D- Viruses use the host cell’s energy-producing mechanisms to synthesize their own proteins

A

D- Viruses use the host cell’s energy-producing mechanisms to synthesize their own proteins

32
Q

Which statement is FALSE regarding flagella?
A- Flagella aid locomotion by secreting slime
B- They are whip-like filaments that aid locomotion
C- The presence of flagella is an important morphological characteristic
D- Flagella can be single or can be found in tufts of two or more

A

A- Flagella aid locomotion by secreting slime

33
Q 
Hyphae are multicellular tubular structures characteristic of which organism?
A- yeasts
B- mold
C- viruses
D- prions
A

B- mold

34
Q

Which of the following accurately describes prions?
A- Small infectious agents containing only RNA
B- Abnormal proteins that destroy the outer covering of viruses
C- Misshapen proteins that invade host cells
D- Infectious agents that can easily be destroyed by inactivation of their nucleic acid

A

C- Misshapen proteins that invade host cells

35
Q 
Which type of RNA virus is the West Nile virus?
A- Orthomyxovirus
B- Paramyxovirus
C- Arbovirus
D- Coronavirus
A

C- Arbovirus

36
Q 
Cats are the definitive host of which species of apicomplexan parasite?
A- Toxoplasma gondii
B- Encephalitozoon cuniculi
C- Dipylidium caninum
D- Balantidium coli
A

A- Toxoplasma gondii

37
Q 
Which parasites are known as tongue worms?
A- leeches
B- pentastomids
C- thorny-headed worms
D- ascarids
A

B- pentastomids

38
Q 
Bacteria that can grow in the absence of oxygen are known but what term?
A- aerobic
B- anaerobic
C- normal
D- microaerophilic
A

B- anaerobic

39
Q 
Which type of of RNA is carried fro animal to animal by mosquitos, ticks, and lice?
A- Paramyxovirus
B- orthomyxovirus
C- coronavirus
D- arbovirus
A

D- Arbovirus

40
Q 
Dut to the addition of specific nutrients, only a particular organism or type of organism may grow in a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ agar.
A- selective
B- gram-positive
C- differential
D- gelatinous
A

A- selective

41
Q

Which statement applies to all bacteria?
A- They do not require oxygen to survive
B- They have a well-defined nucleus
C- They can only live inside a host’s cells
D- They do not have mitochondria in their cytoplasm

A

D- They do not have mitochondria in their cytoplasm

42
Q

Which statement is FALSE regarding the effects of prions in the nervous system?
A- The extracellular amyloid plaques of prion diseases disrupt neural structure
B- Prion activity arises from the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques
C- Extracellular amyloid plaques cause the brain to become dry and rigid
D- Mad cow disease is a prion disease

A

C- Extracellular amyloid plaques cause the brain to become dry and rigid

43
Q 
Which of the following is a common fungal infection in zebra fish?
A- Pseudoloma neurophilia
B- Clostridium diffile
C- Toxoplasma gondii
D- Batrachochytrium dendrobatidisis
A

A- Pseudoloma neurophilia

44
Q 
Bacteria staining pink with Gram stain are called \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A- Gram-negative
B- Gram-positive
C- Gram-aerobic
D- Gram-neutral
A

A- Gram-negative

LATG (23 decks)

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