Chapter 1.4: Unifying Themes in Biology

Question 1

What are the 3 components of cell theory?

Answer 1

1. Cells are the basic unit of life
2. All living organisms consist of cells
3. All cells come from preexisting cells

Question 2

Define deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 2

o Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)- the genetic material of all organisms; composed of two complementary chains of nucleotides wound in a double helix

Question 3

Define gene

Answer 3

o Gene- the basic unit of heredity; a sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that encodes a protein, tRNA, or rRNA molecule, or regulates the transcription of such a sequence

Question 4

What is the genetic material of all organisms; composed of two complementary chains of nucleotides wound in a double helix?

Answer 4

DNA

Question 5

What is the basic unit of heredity; a sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that encodes a protein, tRNA, or rRNA molecule, or regulates the transcription of such a sequence?

Answer 5

gene

Question 6

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 6

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Question 7

What are the domains of bacteria and archaea made of?

Answer 7

Bacteria and Archaea are composed of single-celled organisms (prokaryotes) with little internal structure

Question 8

What is the domain of eukarya made of?

Answer 8

Eukarya is made up of organisms (eukaryotes) composed of a complex, organized cell, or multiple complex cells

Question 9

What domain(s) are composed of single-celled organisms (prokaryotes) with little internal structure?

Answer 9

bacteria and archaea

Question 10

What domain is made up of organisms (eukaryotes) composed of a complex, organized cell, or multiple complex cells?

Answer 10

eukarya

Question 11

What does the kingdom protista consist of?

Answer 11

Consists of all the unicellular eukaryotes except yeast (which are fungi), as well as the multicellular algae

Question 12

What does the kingdom plantae consist of?

Answer 12

 Consists of organism that have cell walls of cellulose and obtain energy by photosynthesis

Question 13

What does the kingdom fungi consist of?

Answer 13

 Consists of organisms that have cell walls of chitin and obtain energy by secreting digestive enzymes and then absorbing the products they release from the external environment

Question 14

What does the kingdom animalia consist of?

Answer 14

 Contains organisms that lack cell walls and obtain energy by first ingesting other organisms and then digesting them internally

Question 15

Which kingdom  Consists of all the unicellular eukaryotes except yeast (which are fungi), as well as the multicellular algae?

Answer 15

Kingdom Protista

Question 16

Which kingdom  Consists of organism that have cell walls of cellulose and obtain energy by photosynthesis?

Answer 16

Kingdom Plantae

Question 17

Which kingdom  Consists of organisms that have cell walls of chitin and obtain energy by secreting digestive enzymes and then absorbing the products they release from the external environment?

Answer 17

Kingdom Fungi

Question 18

Which kingdom  Contains organisms that lack cell walls and obtain energy by first ingesting other organisms and then digesting them internally?

Answer 18

Kingdom Animalia