Chapter 10.3: Overview of Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Question 1

What happens during mitosis?

Answer 1

o Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle in which the spindle apparatus assembles, binds to the chromosomes, and moves the sister chromatids apart. Mitosis is the essential step in the separation of the two daughter genomes. It is traditionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 2

Define G₀ phase

Answer 2

the stage of the cell cycle occupied by cells that are not actively dividing

Question 3

Define cell cycle

Answer 3

the repeating sequence of growth and division through which cells pass each generation

Question 4

What happens during G₂ (gap phase 2)?

Answer 4

o G₂ (gap phase 2) is the second growth phase, and preparation for separation of the newly replicated genome. This phase fills the gap between DNA synthesis and the beginning of mitosis. During this phase microtubules begin to reorganize to form a spindle

Question 5

Define interphase

Answer 5

• the period between two mitotic or meiotic division in which a cell grows and its DNA replicates; includes G₁, S, and G₂ phases

Question 6

What is - the period between two mitotic or meiotic division in which a cell grows and its DNA replicates; includes G₁, S, and G₂ phases?

Answer 6

interphase

Question 7

What happens during S (synthesis) phase?

Answer 7

o S (synthesis) is the phase in which the cell synthesizes a replica of the genome

Question 8

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 8

o Cytokinesis is the phase of the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides, creating two daughter cells. In animal cells, the microtubule spindle helps position a contracting ring of actin that constricts like a drawstring to pinch the cell in two. In cells with a cell wall, such as plant cells, a plate forms between the dividing cells

Question 9

What is the stage of the cell cycle occupied by cells that are not actively dividing?

Answer 9

G₀ phase

Question 10

What happens during G₁ (gap phase 1)?

Answer 10

o G₁ (gap phase 1) is the primary growth phase of the cell. The term gap phase refers to its filling the gap between cytokinesis and DNA synthesis. For most cells, this is the longest phase

Question 11

What are the 5 phases of the cell cycle in order?

Answer 11

G₁, S, G₂, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

Question 12

What is the repeating sequence of growth and division through which cells pass each generation?

Answer 12

cell cycle