CH 6.1: Piaget's Theory Flashcards
Piaget thought intelligent behaviour resulted from a child’s attempt to what?
Adapt to their environment
Piaget believed children are naturally…
CURIOUS
2 key concepts of Piagetian theory
experience and maturation
schema
psychological structure that organizes experience
as children develop they become able to create schemas based on ______ concepts
abstract
children’s basis for creating schemas shifts from what to what as they develop?
shifts from their own physical actions to the more abstract properties of their environment and their ideas
Assimilation
cognitively incorporating new experiences into existing schemas
Accommodation
schemas are modified based on experience
what is Piaget’s definition of equilibration?
children reorganize their schemas to rebalance assimilation and accommodation
Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development
sensorimotor
preoperational thought
concrete operational thought
formal operational thought
What 2 skills make up the sensorimotor phase?
motor and perceptual
when does the sensorimotor stage extend to?
birth-2yrs
6 substages of sensorimotor stage
1: exercising reflexes
2: learning to adapt
3: making interesting events
4: using means to achieve ends
5: experimenting
6: mental representation
time frame of sensorimotor stages
1: birth-1mo
2: 1-4mo
3: 4-8mo
4: 8-12mo
5: 12-18mo
6: 18-24mo
primary circular reaction and what substage is it in?
when infants try to recreate a pleasant experience that they accidentally created once. stage 2: learning to adapt
secondary circular reactions and what substage is it in?
learning about sensations and actions associated with OBJECTS. stage 3: creating interesting events
what stage is the first indication of purposeful behavior in infants?
stage 4 using means to achieve ends
tertiary circular reactions & its substage
repeating old schemas with new/dif. objects; substage 5: experimenting
why do babies experiment with new objects?
to see what will happen; they’re curious
when do children start engaging in make believe play/ deferred imitation?
substage 6: mental representation
Piaget said that up to what age children don’t have a full understanding of object permanence?
18 months
infants aged what won’t even search for an object once it’s been hidden
1-4mo
infants at what age search for objects but their understanding remains incomplete
8-10mo
infants at what age will finally start looking for hidden objects
12mo
what action performed by infants proves they have some understanding of object permanence earlier than 18 months?
they spent more time looking at the novel concept of the object disappearing at 4.5mo: sign of object permanence comprehension
why are children’s theories often called naive theories?
they are rarely evaluated by formal experimentation
by what age can infants understand that objects can’t move through other objects?
3-4mo
by what age do infants expect a stationary object to move following a collision?
6mo
infants can apply reasoning about objects based on their ability to learn about the physical characteristics of objects… (time frame)
fairly rapidly
when do infants understand the importance of gravity?
later in year 1
in what 3 ways do infants understand their bodies?
- short-term mental representations based on sensorimotor exp.
- long-term knowledge of the location of body parts
- lexical-semantic understanding; learning names of body parts
do toddlers have any understanding of animate vs inanimate objects?
yes; but not as much as adults
