CH 6.1: Piaget's Theory

Question 1

Piaget thought intelligent behaviour resulted from a child’s attempt to what?

Answer 1

Adapt to their environment

Question 2

Piaget believed children are naturally…

Answer 2

CURIOUS

Question 3

2 key concepts of Piagetian theory

Answer 3

experience and maturation

Question 4

schema

Answer 4

psychological structure that organizes experience

Question 5

as children develop they become able to create schemas based on ______ concepts

Answer 5

abstract

Question 6

children’s basis for creating schemas shifts from what to what as they develop?

Answer 6

shifts from their own physical actions to the more abstract properties of their environment and their ideas

Question 7

Assimilation

Answer 7

cognitively incorporating new experiences into existing schemas

Question 8

Accommodation

Answer 8

schemas are modified based on experience

Question 9

what is Piaget’s definition of equilibration?

Answer 9

children reorganize their schemas to rebalance assimilation and accommodation

Question 10

Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development

Answer 10

sensorimotor
preoperational thought
concrete operational thought
formal operational thought

Question 11

What 2 skills make up the sensorimotor phase?

Answer 11

motor and perceptual

Question 12

when does the sensorimotor stage extend to?

Answer 12

birth-2yrs

Question 13

6 substages of sensorimotor stage

Answer 13

1: exercising reflexes
2: learning to adapt
3: making interesting events
4: using means to achieve ends
5: experimenting
6: mental representation

Question 14

time frame of sensorimotor stages

Answer 14

1: birth-1mo
2: 1-4mo
3: 4-8mo
4: 8-12mo
5: 12-18mo
6: 18-24mo

Question 15

primary circular reaction and what substage is it in?

Answer 15

when infants try to recreate a pleasant experience that they accidentally created once. stage 2: learning to adapt

Question 16

secondary circular reactions and what substage is it in?

Answer 16

learning about sensations and actions associated with OBJECTS. stage 3: creating interesting events

Question 17

what stage is the first indication of purposeful behavior in infants?

Answer 17

stage 4 using means to achieve ends

Question 18

tertiary circular reactions & its substage

Answer 18

repeating old schemas with new/dif. objects; substage 5: experimenting

Question 19

why do babies experiment with new objects?

Answer 19

to see what will happen; they’re curious

Question 20

when do children start engaging in make believe play/ deferred imitation?

Answer 20

substage 6: mental representation

Question 21

Piaget said that up to what age children don’t have a full understanding of object permanence?

Answer 21

18 months

Question 22

infants aged what won’t even search for an object once it’s been hidden

Answer 22

1-4mo

Question 23

infants at what age search for objects but their understanding remains incomplete

Answer 23

8-10mo

Question 24

infants at what age will finally start looking for hidden objects

Answer 24

12mo

Question 25

what action performed by infants proves they have some understanding of object permanence earlier than 18 months?

Answer 25

they spent more time looking at the novel concept of the object disappearing at 4.5mo: sign of object permanence comprehension

Question 26

why are children’s theories often called naive theories?

Answer 26

they are rarely evaluated by formal experimentation

Question 27

by what age can infants understand that objects can’t move through other objects?

Answer 27

3-4mo

Question 28

by what age do infants expect a stationary object to move following a collision?

Answer 28

6mo

Question 29

infants can apply reasoning about objects based on their ability to learn about the physical characteristics of objects… (time frame)

Answer 29

fairly rapidly

Question 30

when do infants understand the importance of gravity?

Answer 30

later in year 1

Question 31

in what 3 ways do infants understand their bodies?

Answer 31

1. short-term mental representations based on sensorimotor exp.
2. long-term knowledge of the location of body parts
3. lexical-semantic understanding; learning names of body parts

Question 32

do toddlers have any understanding of animate vs inanimate objects?

Answer 32

yes; but not as much as adults