CH 10.2 Relationships with Parents Flashcards
in what 2 ways to parents influence their kids?
directly (encouraging behaviors) and indirectly (displaying their own behaviors)
what is the dynamic between kids and parents influence on each other?
it’s like a mutual cycle- they both influence each other
other than the family members themselves what else can affect family dynamics?
neighbourhoods
religious institutions
work schedules
culture
school
extended family
3 universal objectives of parenting
look out for children’s wellbeing
prepare children for adulthood
share cultural values with kids
2 general dimensions of parental behaviour
degree of warmth parents show to their kids
amount of control parents exert over their kids
which extreme of the parental control spectrum is desirable: over-control or under-control?
neither because over-control deprives kids of learning behaviour on their own and under-control fails to teach kids any standards/ that they are accountable for behavior
4 types of parenting
authoritative
authoritarian
indulgent-permissive
indifferent-uninvolved
authoritarian parenting
high control and low warmth
parents lay down hard rules kids are expected to obey
parents do not value child’s needs/wishes
authoritative
good blend of parental control and warmth
parents encourage discussion with kids
parents try to find compromises to help kids requests but in healthy ways
indulgent-permissive parenting
high warmth and minimal parental control
parents accept kids requests easily and rarely discipline behavior
indifferent-uninvolved parenting
no warmth or control
parents only provide basic needs of children and want nothing to do with them emotionally
kids do anything they want because they know parents won’t care
which parenting style is found to be the best for kids?
authoritative
which parenting style can be good for children in poverty and why?
authoritarian; obeying parents can protect them in that situation
behavioural techniques parents can use to influence their children
direct instruction
modeling
feedback
direct instruction approach
tell the child what to do, when and why
parental coaching refers to teaching children what?
the link between emotions and behaviour
counterimitation
learning what should not be done through observing others
disinhibition vs inhibition of behaviour
disinhibition: tendency to exhibit aggressive behaviours in unfamiliar situations
inhibition: decrease in a behaviour
2 types of feedback
reinforcement and punishment
negative reinforcement trap that parents fall into
parents unintentionally reinforcing the behaviors they are wanting to eliminate in their kids
3 steps of the negative reinforcement trap
- mother tells son something son does not want to do
- son responds with intolerable behavior
- mother gives in by telling son he does not have to do initial task if he stops the intolerable behavior
what form of punishment was found to be linked to lower socioemotional scores for children aged 3-4
spanking
good alternatives to physical punishment
time-out and time-away
5 types of grandparents
formal: express strong interest but aren’t responsible for raising them
fun seeking: see themselves as source of fun for grandkids but avoid more serious interaction
distant: minimal contact with grandkids
dispensing-family-wisdom: provide advice to kids and grandkids
surrogate-parent: assume many of the normal roles of a parent
children reared by gay couples seem to develop how compared to children with heterosexual parents?
the same
