Ch. 34

Question 1

Kinetics is a branch of physics that studies how objects in motion are affected by outside forces and how energy is distributed when objects:

A) rest.
B) fall.
C) move.
D) collide.

Answer 1

D) collide.

Page Ref: 775
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 2

The law which states that an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside source is:

A) the law of conservation of energy.
B) the law of energy formulation.
C) Starling’s theorem.
D) Newton’s first law.

Answer 2

D) Newton’s first law.

Page Ref: 775
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 3

You are treating victims of a motor vehicle collision that occurred when their vehicle struck a bridge abutment head on at a high rate of speed. Due to Newton’s first law, you know that:

A) it would be difficult to predict any injury due to the speed.
B) the vehicle itself would absorb all of the kinetic energy.
C) the victims’s bodies on impact would have continued forward until acted upon by an outside force.
D) survival would be predicted on safety features of the vehicle.

Answer 3

C) the victims’s bodies on impact would have continued forward until acted upon by an outside force.

Page Ref: 775
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 4

A method used to calculate the amount of force involved in a collision would be:

A) acceleration × deceleration.
B) mass × acceleration (or deceleration).
C) speed × velocity.
D) speed × energy.

Answer 4

B) mass × acceleration (or deceleration).

Page Ref: 775
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 5

The injury that results from the transmission of energy directly or indirectly from an object to the body BEST describes:

A) blunt trauma.
B) penetrating trauma.
C) trauma.
D) Newton’s first law.

Answer 5

A) blunt trauma.

Page Ref: 776
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 6

In ________, the energy dissipation may create a permanent or temporary cavity transmitting to surrounding tissues.

A) deceleration forces
B) blunt trauma
C) contusions
D) penetrating trauma

Answer 6

D) penetrating trauma

Page Ref: 776
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 7

If a man falls ten feet and lands on his feet, any injuries he sustains to his legs, hips, and spine would be termed:

A) direct injuries.
B) indirect injuries.
C) rotational trauma.
D) penetrating trauma.

Answer 7

B) indirect injuries.

Page Ref: 776
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 8

When determining the mechanism of injury, you will identify:

A) the forces involved in the accident.
B) the number of patients.
C) the need for additional resources.
D) the person who caused the accident.

Answer 8

A) the forces involved in the accident.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter; 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 9

As a member of the emergency medical services team, an AEMT’s role includes all of the following EXCEPT to:

A) analyze the mechanism of injury.
B) perform a scene size-up.
C) consider the need for additional resources.
D) clear any identified hazards from the scene.

Answer 9

D) clear any identified hazards from the scene.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 10

The mechanism of injury that suggests transport to a trauma center is:

A) ejection from a vehicle.
B) a vehicle collision at a speed greater than 20 mph.
C) an extrication time of less than 20 minutes.
D) a fall from a distance twice the patient’s height.

Answer 10

A) ejection from a vehicle.

Page Ref: 786
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 11

In the case of trauma patients, the ideal goal for completing on-scene procedures and initiating transport is:

A) under 10 minutes.
B) set by medical direction.
C) one hour.
D) between 20 to 30 minutes.

Answer 11

A) under 10 minutes.

Page Ref: 789
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 12

A 49-year-old man has been stabbed in the lower right chest. Police on scene report that the patient got into an argument with an unidentified man, who then stabbed him before fleeing the scene. After assessing the patient, you are suspicious that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this situation, the mechanism of injury would be:

A) blunt trauma to the lungs.
B) assailant with a knife.
C) internal hemorrhage.
D) stab wound to the right chest.

Answer 12

D) stab wound to the right chest.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 13

A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seatbelt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed two tons and was equipped with airbags that did deploy. Which of the following had the greatest impact on her being injured?

A) Speed of the vehicle at impact
B) Nighttime conditions
C) The length of the stopping distance
D) The size of the tree

Answer 13

A) Speed of the vehicle at impact

Page Ref: 775-776
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment; 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 14

In calculating kinetic energy, which causes the GREATEST increase in energy?

A) An increase in the mass of an object
B) An increase in the velocity of the object
C) An increase in the number of objects
D) A decrease in the friction applied to an object

Answer 14

B) An increase in the velocity of the object

Page Ref: 775-776
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 15

An unrestrained driver of a car that has struck a tree at 45 mph has suffered a contusion (bruise) to his heart. The AEMT would recognize that this injury occurred during which impact of the collision?

A) The vehicle’s collision with an object
B) The organs’ collision with the inside wall of the body or other organs
C) The body’s collision with parts of the vehicle
D) The body’s collision with an opposing force

Answer 15

B) The organs’ collision with the inside wall of the body or other organs

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 16

EMRs have removed an intoxicated and confused patient from a car that struck another car at a high rate of speed. The patient was unrestrained and his car did not have airbags. Assessment reveals deformity bilaterally to the hips and femurs and bruising to the knees. Based on this injury pattern, the AEMT would recognize what type of injury mechanism?

A) High velocity
B) Down and under
C) Up and over
D) Lateral impact

Answer 16

B) Down and under

Page Ref: 780
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment; 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 17

Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle collision reveals him to have crepitus to the left humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and flank, and pain on palpation of the left hip region. He also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury pattern, the AEMT would recognize the patient was:

A) the passenger in a car hit from behind.
B) the driver of a car hit on the driver’s side.
C) an unrestrained occupant in a car involved in a rotational impact.
D) an unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision.

Answer 17

B) the driver of a car hit on the driver’s side.

Page Ref: 779-783
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 18

An unrestrained woman driving a small car is involved in a rollover-type collision. Why is her risk for serious injury and death significantly increased?

A) Rollovers are the result of high speeds.
B) Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll over.
C) There are more impacts in a rollover.
D) The risk for ejection is lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car.

Answer 18

C) There are more impacts in a rollover.

Page Ref: 783
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 19

You are assessing a patient involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and “laid the bike down” to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which of the following injuries would make sense given the action of the motorcyclist?

A) “Road rash” to the entire body
B) Bilateral broken forearms
C) Angulation to both femurs
D) Injury to a leg caught beneath the cycle

Answer 19

D) Injury to a leg caught beneath the cycle

Page Ref: 784
Objective: 34.2 Describe the purpose and goals of trauma patient assessment.

Question 20

Trauma assessment and management begins with:

A) assessing the airway.
B) evaluating resources at scene.
C) calculating kinetic energy.
D) the scene size-up.

Answer 20

D) the scene size-up.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 21

En route to the scene of a shooting victim, dispatch informs you that the suspect has not been located yet. Based on this information, you should:

A) be aware as you arrive on the scene that the patient may have committed suicide.
B) wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach.
C) document this information.
D) recognize the need to rapidly transport the victim.

Answer 21

B) wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 22

The AEMT should gain a general impression of the trauma victim based on:

A) level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation.
B) bystander reaction.
C) MOI and hazard identification.
D) dispatch information.

Answer 22

A) level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation.

Page Ref: 786
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 23

Life-threatening problems encountered during the primary assessment should be:

A) ignored while completing the assessment and then addressed.
B) ruled out during scene size-up.
C) treated immediately.
D) addressed immediately following package for transport.

Answer 23

C) treated immediately.

Page Ref: 786
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 24

A mnemonic to help the AEMT evaluate aspects of the secondary assessment is:

A) SAMPLE.
B) DCAP-BTLS.
C) OPQRST.
D) AVPU.

Answer 24

B) DCAP-BTLS.

Page Ref: 788
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 25

The reassessment in the critically injured trauma patient should be done:

A) every minute.
B) every 15 minutes.
C) once on the way to the hospital.
D) at least every five minutes.

Answer 25

D) at least every five minutes.

Page Ref: 792
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 26

You are at the scene of a gunshot victim who has been shot in the head at close range with a 38-caliber pistol. The patient is unconscious with irregular gasping respirations and bradycardia. Your initial actions are focused on:

A) intravenous fluid boluses.
B) the primary assessment.
C) establishing vital signs.
D) classifying the degree of injury.

Answer 26

B) the primary assessment.

Page Ref: 786
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 27

A common injury referred to as “whiplash” involves:

A) lateral flexion.
B) hyperextension.
C) hyperextension and hyperflexion.
D) hyperflexion.

Answer 27

B) hyperextension.

Page Ref: 781
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 28

Which of the following physical assessment findings would make your patient a candidate for rapid transport to a trauma center?

A) Respiratory rate of 24
B) Pulse rate of 110
C) Unstable pelvic girdle
D) Systolic blood pressure of 100

Answer 28

C) Unstable pelvic girdle

Page Ref: 793
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 29

A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following pieces of information should cause the AEMT to have a high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond the complaint of neck pain?

A) No airbags in the car
B) History of heart problems
C) Complaint of head and neck pain
D) Death of the car’s driver

Answer 29

D) Death of the car’s driver

Page Ref: 793
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 30

A “whiplash” type neck injury is MOST often observed with what type of collision?

A) Rear-end impact
B) Frontal impacts
C) Rollover
D) Ejection

Answer 30

A) Rear-end impact

Page Ref: 781
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 31

A 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and a complaint of soreness, you detect no obvious injuries. Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable AEMT, your BEST response would be:

A) “Since this is a work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital. Workers’ comp may not cover you if you do not.”
B) “Although you feel okay now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why don’t we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for pain?”
C) “Since you did not lose consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for swelling.”
D) “From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined.”

Answer 31

D) “From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined.”

Page Ref: 793
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 32

You are first on the scene of a two-car motor vehicle collision. In one car there are two patients entrapped in the vehicle, while in the other, there is a male driver complaining of chest pain. Your primary concern is:

A) triaging the patients.
B) calling for additional help.
C) assuring personal safety.
D) determining the severity of injuries.

Answer 32

C) assuring personal safety.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.3 Describe the components of the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 33

If you suspect significant trauma to an unconscious victim, you should open the airway using which maneuver?

A) Head-tilt/chin lift
B) Head-tilt without the chin-lift
C) Modified jaw-thrust
D) Head-tilt/neck-lift

Answer 33

C) Modified jaw-thrust

Page Ref: 787
Objective: 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process.

Question 34

The purpose of the secondary assessment is to:

A) identify life threats to the ABCs.
B) assess neurological status.
C) determine all injuries present on a victim.
D) quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur.

Answer 34

D) quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur.

Page Ref: 788
Objective: 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 35

After assessing the following patients, which would the AEMT identify as suffering from injuries pertaining to more than one letter of the DCAP-BTLS mnemonic?

A) 31-year-old woman; large laceration to her leg from a hunting knife; bleeding controlled
B) 61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture and swelling to the left lower leg
C) 89-year-old woman fell in a nursing home; hematoma to the back of her head
D) 24-year-old man; slipped on ice; tenderness to the right shoulder

Answer 35

B) 61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture and swelling to the left lower leg

Page Ref: 788
Objective: 34.4 Discuss the decisions that must be made during the trauma patient assessment process; 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 36

When evaluating the MOI of a sudden deceleration injury in a motor vehicle, the AEMT should do all of the following EXCEPT:

A) determine if airbag restraints deployed.
B) assess the damage to the vehicle itself.
C) note if any restraint devices are in use.
D) assess the patient’s vital signs.

Answer 36

D) assess the patient’s vital signs.

Page Ref: 778
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 37

The ________ is designed to assess limited, isolated injuries in the area of the patient’s chief complaint.

A) secondary assessment
B) focused trauma exam
C) detailed body exam
D) primary assessment

Answer 37

B) focused trauma exam

Page Ref: 789
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 38

You have arrived on the scene of an explosion in a warehouse used to store fertilizers. A paramedic who has already triaged the nine patients involved directs you to a young man sitting under a tree. The man states that he is having excruciating ear pain. The primary assessment and secondary assessment reveal no obvious injuries. Given this presentation, the AEMT would recognize which of the following types of blast injury?

A) Quarternary
B) Quinary
C) Secondary
D) Primary

Answer 38

D) Primary

Page Ref: 785
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 39

A patient who was constructing a bomb in his basement has sustained a secondary phase blast injury. Which of the following presentations would the AEMT MOST likely observe?

A) Screwdriver impaled in the arm
B) Burns to the head, neck, and chest
C) Headache and shortness of breath
D) Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes

Answer 39

A) Screwdriver impaled in the arm

Page Ref: 785
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 40

A teenage female patient has been ejected from a car as it rolled down a hill. She is responsive but with signs of early shock. She has bruising to her anterior abdomen, a laceration to her left temple, and deformity to he left wrist. At what point should the wrist injury be splinted?

A) En route to the hospital
B) Before transferring to the stretcher
C) Just before leaving the scene
D) Prior to immobilizing the patient

Answer 40

A) En route to the hospital

Page Ref: 788
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 41

Which of the following symptoms might indicate that the patient has sustained potential internal life-threatening injuries?

A) Diaphoretic skin and abnormal vital signs
B) Expression of severe pain
C) Patient lying in a fetal position
D) Rapid heart beat

Answer 41

A) Diaphoretic skin and abnormal vital signs

Page Ref: 779
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.

Question 42

Damage to the steering wheel and/or dashboard should cause a high index of suspicion for which type of internal injury?

A) Abdominal
B) Head
C) Thoracic spine
D) Cervical spine

Answer 42

A) Abdominal

Page Ref: 781
Objective: 34.5 Explain the importance of various decision-making and problem-solving approaches in the trauma patient assessment and patient care processes.