Ch. 12 Flashcards
What is the MOST common type of medication error resulting in death, accounting for over 40 percent of all medication error related deaths?
A) Incorrect drug route of the drug
B) Wrong dosage of the drug
C) Giving the wrong drug
D) Improper documentation of the drug
B) Wrong dosage of the drug
Page Ref: 277
Objective: 12.3 Explain Advanced EMT practices that are necessary with regard to medication administration safety.
Which of the following is a phase of the medication administration process that is particularly error-prone?
A) Receiving the drug order
B) Transcribing (interpreting) the order
C) Documentation
D) All of the above are error-prone.
D) All of the above are error-prone.
Page Ref: 277
Objective: 12.3 Explain Advanced EMT practices that are necessary with regard to medication administration safety.
A route of drug administration is a way in which the drug gains access to the body. Routes that allow access through the vasculature of the gastrointestinal system are called:
A) parenteral.
B) percutaneous.
C) enteral.
D) aseptic.
C) enteral.
Page Ref: 278
Objective: 12.4 Differentiate between enteral and parenteral routes of drug administration.
A route of drug administration is a way in which the drug gains access to the body. Routes that bypass the gastrointestinal tract are called:
A) parenteral.
B) percutaneous.
C) enteral.
D) aseptic.
A) parenteral.
Page Ref: 278-279
Objective: 12.4 Differentiate between enteral and parenteral routes of drug administration.
Which of the following medications are administered in such a way that they bypass the hepatic portal system?
A) Aspirin and nitroglycerin
B) Oral glucose and nitroglycerin
C) Aspirin and oral glucose
D) Acetaminophen and aspirin
B) Oral glucose and nitroglycerin
Page Ref: 279
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
Orally administered drugs are largely absorbed through the:
A) stomach.
B) colon.
C) duodenum.
D) spleen.
C) duodenum.
Page Ref: 279
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
How many times should the AEMT read and check the medication label and concentration before administering the medication to a patient?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
C) Three
Page Ref: 277
Objective: 12.3 Explain Advanced EMT practices that are necessary with regard to medication administration safety.
Of the following parenteral routes of medication administration, the knowledgeable AEMT recognizes the slowest relative rate of absorption would be from:
A) subcutaneous (SC) injection.
B) intramuscular (IM) injection.
C) intravenous (IV) bolus.
D) intraosseous (IO) bolus.
A) subcutaneous (SC) injection.
Page Ref: 279
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
The method of medication administration that involves placing a hollow needle into the medullary cavity, where medication is absorbed through the medullary vasculature would be:
A) intravenous (IV) route.
B) intraosseous (IO) route.
C) intramuscular (IM) route.
D) subcutaneous (SC) route.
B) intraosseous (IO) route.
Page Ref: 280
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
Drugs for inhalation that are gases administered by the AEMT would include which of the following?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrous oxide
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Both A and B
D) Both A and B
Page Ref: 280
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
AEMTs may only administer drugs on the order of a licensed physician providing EMS medical direction. Which of the following represents how those orders may be delivered to the AEMT via the physician?
A) Standing orders
B) Written orders
C) Verbal orders
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Page Ref: 281
Objective: 12.2 Explain the medical direction mechanisms by which an Advanced EMT may be authorized to administer a medication; 12.6 Properly interpret verbal and written drug orders.
Which orders are used when the EMS service medical director is confident that all personnel are able to accurately recognize indications and contraindications for a specific drug and give it safely without consultation?
A) Standing orders
B) Written orders
C) Verbal orders
D) Computer orders
A) Standing orders
Page Ref: 281
Objective: 12.2 Explain the medical direction mechanisms by which an Advanced EMT may be authorized to administer a medication; 12.6 Properly interpret verbal and written drug orders.
Which orders may be given in an emergency situation in the hospital, such as during cardiac arrest resuscitation attempts, or in other situations with critical patients?
A) Face-to-face written orders
B) Face-to face verbal orders
C) Face-to-face standing orders
D) Face-to-face retrograde orders
B) Face-to face verbal orders
Page Ref: 281
Objective: 12.2 Explain the medical direction mechanisms by which an Advanced EMT may be authorized to administer a medication; 12.6 Properly interpret verbal and written drug orders.
Which of the following information is NOT part of a complete drug order?
A) Drug name
B) Drug dosage
C) Side effects
D) Route of administration
C) Side effects
Page Ref: 282
Objective: 12.6 Properly interpret verbal and written drug orders.
Which of the following drug orders is incorrect?
A) Aspirin, 325 mg, PO
B) 50 percent Dextrose, 25 g, IM
C) NTG, 0.4 mg, SL, every five minutes, up to three doses
D) Naloxone, 2 mg, IV push
B) 50 percent Dextrose, 25 g, IM
Page Ref: 282
Objective: 12.7 Use proper abbreviations and terminology with respect to drug administration.
You receive an order to give 324 mg of aspirin by mouth. You have on hand a bottle of 81 mg tablets of chewable aspirin. How many tablets will need to be administered to this patient?
A) two
B) one
C) four
D) three
C) four
Page Ref: 284
Objective: 12.8 Calculate drug dosages from drug orders, including proper use of the metric system.
You are given the order to administer 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine, 1:1000, IM to a 35-pound pediatric patient. Epinephrine 1:1000 is supplied in a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The CORRECT dosage for this patient would be:
A) 0.16 mL.
B) 16 mL.
C) 0.35 mL.
D) 35 mL.
A) 0.16 mL.
Page Ref: 284-285
Objective: 12.8 Calculate drug dosages from drug orders, including proper use of the metric system.
You receive an order to give 4 liters of normal saline over eight hours using a 10 gtts/mL drip set. Calculate the drip rate per minute with this setup.
A) 38 gtts/min
B) 83 gtts/min
C) 166 gtts/min
D) 41 gtts/min
B) 83 gtts/min
Page Ref: 285-286
Objective: 12.8 Calculate drug dosages from drug orders, including proper use of the metric system.
The minimum aseptic technique for intramuscular and subcutaneous injection and for intravenous access and intravenous injection through a medication administration port on intravenous tubing would be:
A) blowing or fanning on the skin to dry it.
B) touching the site after it has been cleaned.
C) puncturing the skin through wet alcohol.
D) application of friction with an isopropyl alcohol wipe.
D) application of friction with an isopropyl alcohol wipe.
Page Ref: 288
Objective: 12.9 Explain the concept of medical asepsis.
Why is puncturing the skin through wet alcohol discouraged?
A) It increases the risk of infection.
B) It decreases the absorption rate of the medication.
C) It increases the patient’s pain.
D) It makes it harder to puncture the vein.
C) It increases the patient’s pain.
Page Ref: 288
Objective: 12.9 Explain the concept of medical asepsis.
The MOST common medication administered sublingually by AEMTs is:
A) nitroglycerin.
B) aspirin.
C) albuterol.
D) nitrous oxide.
A) nitroglycerin.
Page Ref: 289
Objective: 12.5 Describe each of the following routes of medication administration: inhaled (gases and nebulized medications), intramuscular (IM), intraosseous infusion (pediatric), intravenous bolus, intravenous infusion, oral (PO), subcutaneous (subQ), and sublingual (SL).
Which of the following size of needle gauge is used to draw up medications but NOT to administer them subcutaneously or intravenously?
A) 25 gauge
B) 18 gauge
C) 21 gauge
D) 23 gauge
B) 18 gauge
Page Ref: 292
Objective: 12.10 Demonstrate the following skills under instructor supervision: administration of drugs by small-volume nebulizer, administration of nitrous oxide, assistance for patient with the use of a metered dose inhaler, intramuscular injection, intravenous access, intravenous and intraosseous fluid administration, intravenous medication bolus, oral medication administration, pediatric intraosseous access, subcutaneous injection, sublingual medication administration, and use of an auto-injector device.
As an AEMT, you are ordered by your medical direction physician to administer 0.3 mg of epinephrine 1:1000 by subcutaneous (SC) injection. Your correct needle length and gauge for this administration would be to use a:
A) 18 gauge needle - 1.5 inches long.
B) 21 gauge needle - 1.0 inches long.
C) 23 gauge needle - 1.5 inches long.
D) 25 gauge needle - 5/8 inches long.
D) 25 gauge needle - 5/8 inches long.
Page Ref: 294
Objective: 12.10 Demonstrate the following skills under instructor supervision: administration of drugs by small-volume nebulizer, administration of nitrous oxide, assistance for patient with the use of a metered dose inhaler, intramuscular injection, intravenous access, intravenous and intraosseous fluid administration, intravenous medication bolus, oral medication administration, pediatric intraosseous access, subcutaneous injection, sublingual medication administration, and use of an auto-injector device.
Which of the following medications may an AEMT administer by intramuscular injection?
A) 50 percent dextrose and glucagon
B) Nitroglycerin and epinephrine 1:1000
C) Epinephrine 1:1000 and glucagon
D) Nitroglycerin and dextrose 50 percent
C) Epinephrine 1:1000 and glucagon
Page Ref: 294
Objective: 12.10 Demonstrate the following skills under instructor supervision: administration of drugs by small-volume nebulizer, administration of nitrous oxide, assistance for patient with the use of a metered dose inhaler, intramuscular injection, intravenous access, intravenous and intraosseous fluid administration, intravenous medication bolus, oral medication administration, pediatric intraosseous access, subcutaneous injection, sublingual medication administration, and use of an auto-injector device.
