Ch. 32 Flashcards
While caring for a patient with alcohol intoxication, you implement safety protocols to prevent the patient from stumbling and falling. What sign or symptom did you observe to recognize that this was needed?
A) Nystagmus
B) Myoclonus
C) Ataxia
D) Confabulation
C) Ataxia
Page Ref: 740
Objective: 32.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter; 32.6 Given a scenario involving a patient with a toxicologic emergency, anticipate special considerations in protecting your safety and that of other personnel, the patient, and bystanders.
Which toxidrome is most likely to present with oculogyric crisis, torticollis, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
A) Anticholinergic
B) Sympathomimetic
C) Extrapyramidal
D) Narcotic
C) Extrapyramidal
Page Ref: 732
Objective: 32.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter; 32.2 Describe the importance of understanding the pathophysiology and assessment-based management of patients with toxicologic emergencies.
Your patient is a 32-year-old woman who has taken an unknown quantity of unknown pills. All of the following are questions that you should ask during your assessment EXCEPT:
A) When did you ingest the substance?
B) Where did you get the substance?
C) What did you ingest?
D) How much did you ingest?
B) Where did you get the substance?
Page Ref: 733
Objective: 32.2 Describe the importance of understanding the pathophysiology and assessment-based management of patients with toxicologic emergencies.
The pathophysiology of toxic inhalation involves:
A) bronchoconstriction and dispersal of surfactant.
B) pulmonary hypertension, alveolar atelectasis, and destruction of cilia.
C) absorption of toxins across the respiratory membrane and destruction of alveolar tissue.
D) bronchodilation and destruction of cilia.
C) absorption of toxins across the respiratory membrane and destruction of alveolar tissue.
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.2 Describe the importance of understanding the pathophysiology and assessment-based management of patients with toxicologic emergencies.
You have been called for a 13-year-old boy who was caught sniffing glue by his parents. The boy is lethargic and confused and complaining of burning to the mouth and nose as well as nausea and vomiting. Based on the clinical presentation and mechanism of illness, how has this poison affected the boy’s brain?
A) Absorbing through the small intestine into the blood stream and then on to the brain
B) Directly contacting the brain by crossing the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose
C) Fumes from the glue were absorbed through the mucous membranes of the eyes and then on to the brain
D) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain
D) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body; 32.8 Anticipate the effects of various classifications of toxins and commonly abused substances on the respiratory, nervous, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems.
When managing a patient that has been exposed to a poisonous substance, the FIRST priority of the AEMT is to:
A) perform a primary assessment.
B) induce vomiting.
C) administer activated charcoal.
D) identify the poison.
A) perform a primary assessment.
Page Ref: 733
Objective: 32.2 Describe the importance of understanding the pathophysiology and assessment-based management of patients with toxicologic emergencies; 32.7 Given a series of scenarios, demonstrate the assessment-based management of patients suffering a variety of toxicologic emergencies.
Other than intentional injections of illicit drugs, MOST injected poisonings result from:
A) accidental needle sticks.
B) bites and stings of insects and animals.
C) rusty nails.
D) infected wounds.
B) bites and stings of insects and animals.
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.3 Give examples of common substances involved in intentional and unintentional toxicologic emergencies in adults and children; 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
Which of the following is NOT a route of administration that may result in a toxicological emergency?
A) Ingestion
B) Absorption
C) Diffusion
D) Inhalation
C) Diffusion
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
What is the MOST common route of entry for toxic substances?
A) Ingestion
B) Inhalation
C) Injection
D) Absorption
A) Ingestion
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
What method of entry of a toxin results in rapid absorption of the agent through the respiratory membrane?
A) Inhalation
B) Injection
C) Absorption
D) Ingestion
A) Inhalation
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
A patient was mixing pesticides to spray in his garden and suddenly began experiencing excessive salivation, abdominal pain, and dizziness. The LEAST likely route of toxic exposure is:
A) ingestion.
B) inhalation.
C) injection.
D) absorption.
C) injection.
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
Which of the following is MOST likely to provide toxic exposure through inhalation?
A) Wasps
B) Prescription medications
C) Over-the-counter medications
D) Cyanide
D) Cyanide
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
Which of the following correctly identifies the routes by which a poison can enter the human body?
A) Inhalation, Injection, Nasal-Oral, Visual
B) Exposure, Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection
C) Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection, Absorption
D) Topical, Inhalation, Nasal-Oral, Absorption
C) Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection, Absorption
Page Ref: 731-732
Objective: 32.4 Describe each of the four routes by which a poison can enter the body.
At the scene of a motor vehicle accident, you see that the car is smoking under the hood and the patient is trapped behind the steering wheel. What should your first action be?
A) Remove the patient as quickly as possible.
B) Request assistance from the fire department.
C) Put on a respirator before approaching the patient.
D) Apply a cervical collar to the patient’s neck.
B) Request assistance from the fire department.
Page Ref: 731
Objective: 32.6 Given a scenario involving a patient with a toxicologic emergency, anticipate special considerations in protecting your safety and that of other personnel, the patient, and bystanders.
The grandfather of an alert and oriented two-year-old girl found her on the floor playing with the pills from his open bottle of digoxin (heart medication that slows the rate). He cannot remember how many pills were in the bottle, but he thinks that some are missing and she may have ingested them thinking that they were candy. Assessment reveals her airway to be open and breathing adequate. Her pulse is within normal limits for a child her age and skin warm and dry. Her grandfather is not sure how long ago she may have taken the pills. Given the assessment findings, which of the following should the AEMT assume?
A) The child did not take any Digoxin.
B) Not enough Digoxin was taken to harm the child.
C) The Digoxin has yet to absorb into the body.
D) The child spit the pills out prior to swallowing.
C) The Digoxin has yet to absorb into the body.
Page Ref: 748
Objective: 32.6 Given a scenario involving a patient with a toxicologic emergency, anticipate special considerations in protecting your safety and that of other personnel, the patient, and bystanders; 32.7 Given a series of scenarios, demonstrate the assessment-based management of patients suffering a variety of toxicologic emergencies.
A frantic mother called 911 because she found her 18-month-old daughter playing with a bottle of drain cleaner. When assessing this patient, which of the following provides the strongest evidence that the child did indeed ingest some of the liquid?
A) Increased heart rate
B) Garbled speech
C) Continual crying
D) Burns to her mouth
D) Burns to her mouth
Page Ref: 738
Objective: 32.6 Given a scenario involving a patient with a toxicologic emergency, anticipate special considerations in protecting your safety and that of other personnel, the patient, and bystanders; 32.7 Given a series of scenarios, demonstrate the assessment-based management of patients suffering a variety of toxicologic emergencies.
You have been called to the scene of an individual suffering from a rattlesnake bite. Bystanders state that the snake was killed and the patient has not been moved. What should your first action be when you get to the scene?
A) Clear the bystanders from the area.
B) Call animal control to clear the area.
C) Ensure that no other snakes are in the area.
D) Remove the patient from the site.
C) Ensure that no other snakes are in the area.
Page Ref: 744
Objective: 32.6 Given a scenario involving a patient with a toxicologic emergency, anticipate special considerations in protecting your safety and that of other personnel, the patient, and bystanders.
