Ch. 2

Question 1

Which of the following marks the beginning of the modern history of EMS?

A) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
B) Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society
C) Publication of the National Standard Curriculum
D) The Highway Safety Act of 1970

Answer 1

B) Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society

Page Ref: 17
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 2

Until modern times, MOST medical care took place:

A) in specialty clinics.
B) in hospitals.
C) outside of hospitals.
D) at funeral homes.

Answer 2

C) outside of hospitals.

Page Ref: 18
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 3

In the United States, a rapid increase in the number of hospitals that created a need for civilian ambulance transportation occurred during the:

A) 18th century.
B) 19th century.
C) 20th century.
D) 21st century.

Answer 3

B) 19th century.

Page Ref: 18
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 4

One of the MOST recent military lessons incorporated into civilian EMS is the increased use of:

A) long spine boards.
B) vacuum splints.
C) therapeutic hypothermia.
D) tourniquets.

Answer 4

D) tourniquets.

Page Ref: 19
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 5

5) Which of the following provided federal funding for EMS system development?

A) Emergency Medical Services Act of 1973
B) Highway Safety Act of 1970
C) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
D) National Research Council Act

Answer 5

A) Emergency Medical Services Act of 1973

Page Ref: 19
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 6

The FIRST public CPR courses began during the:

A) 1950s.
B) 1960s.
C) 1970s.
D) 1980s.

Answer 6

B) 1960s.

Page Ref: 19
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 7

The author of the FIRST paramedic textbook was:

A) Jeff Clawson.
B) R. Adams Cowley.
C) Norman McSwain.
D) Nancy Caroline.

Answer 7

D) Nancy Caroline.

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 8

________ developed the FIRST set of standardized dispatch protocols in 1978, which have evolved into the widely used Medical Priority Dispatch System.

A) Jeff Clawson
B) R. Adams Cowley
C) Norman McSwain
D) Nancy Caroline

Answer 8

A) Jeff Clawson

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 9

________ developed the concept of the “Golden Hour” and was instrumental in the development of one of the FIRST air EMS services in the country through the Maryland State Police.

A) Jeff Clawson
B) R. Adams Cowley
C) Norman McSwain
D) Nancy Caroline

Answer 9

B) R. Adams Cowley

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 10

________ was the founding executive director of the NREMT and instrumental in developing the NAEMT.

A) Rocco Morando
B) James O. Page
C) Peter Safar
D) Norman McSwain

Answer 10

A) Rocco Morando

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 11

________ introduced the concept of airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) in CPR in the 1950s.

A) Rocco Morando
B) James O. Page
C) Peter Safar
D) Norman McSwain

Answer 11

C) Peter Safar

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 12

________ was an EMS pioneer in the Los Angeles County Fire Department and founder of the Journal of Emergency Medical Services (JEMS).

A) Rocco Morando
B) James O. Page
C) Peter Safar
D) Norman McSwain

Answer 12

B) James O. Page

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 13

The Statewide Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards specify that all personnel who staff ambulances MUST be trained to the:

A) emergency medical responder level.
B) emergency medical technician level.
C) advanced emergency medical technician level.
D) paramedic level.

Answer 13

B) emergency medical technician level.

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.3 Briefly explain each of the components of the Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards.

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding the Statewide Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards requirements for patient transport is CORRECT?

A) EMS providers should participate in public education activities.
B) Adequate communication must allow access by the public to EMS services.
C) A physician is required to provide patient care oversight.
D) The system must provide for safe reliable transportation.

Answer 14

D) The system must provide for safe reliable transportation.

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.3 Briefly explain each of the components of the Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards.

Question 15

The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians was founded to establish which of the following?

A) An education curriculum for EMT courses
B) Quality oversight of emergency medical services practices
C) Professional standards for emergency medical services personnel
D) Quality Assurance programs for emergency medical services

Answer 15

C) Professional standards for emergency medical services personnel

Page Ref: 19
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 16

The purpose of the Statewide Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards is to:

A) set standards to evaluate statewide EMS systems.
B) provide standards for medical direction physicians.
C) provide guidance for development of EMS testing standards.
D) provide funding for trauma system development.

Answer 16

A) set standards to evaluate statewide EMS systems.

Page Ref: 21
Objective: 2.3 Briefly explain each of the components of the Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards.

Question 17

The Joint Review Committee on Education for the EMT-Paramedic is now called the:

A) NHTSA.
B) DOT.
C) NREMT.
D) CoAEMSP.

Answer 17

D) CoAEMSP.

Page Ref: 19
Objective: 2.2 Describe key historical events that have shaped the development of EMS systems.

Question 18

When a local government requests competitive bids for an outside company to provide EMS service, the model is called:

A) hospital based.
B) privatization.
C) third service.
D) fire based.

Answer 18

B) privatization.

Page Ref: 23-24
Objective: 2.4 Describe the components of an EMS system that must be in place for a patient to receive emergency medical care.

Question 19

Which of the following represents a public safety model of EMS?

A) Fire-based service
B) Private service
C) Municipal third service
D) Tiered service

Answer 19

C) Municipal third service

Page Ref: 24
Objective: 2.4 Describe the components of an EMS system that must be in place for a patient to receive emergency medical care.

Question 20

Which of the following allows for greater geographic mobility within the EMS profession?

A) Increased employee retention rates
B) Higher pay scale
C) Standardized testing
D) Improvements in reciprocity

Answer 20

D) Improvements in reciprocity

Page Ref: 24
Objective: 2.13 Identify current issues and trends in EMS.

Question 21

A call to 911 is answered at a PSAP. What exactly is a PSAP?

A) Professional Security Answering Point
B) Public Safety Answering Point
C) Personal Safety Access Point
D) Public Safety Access Point

Answer 21

B) Public Safety Answering Point

Page Ref: 25
Objective: 2.5 Discuss the features and benefits of 911 and enhanced 911 emergency access systems.

Question 22

Which of the following is part of the enhanced 911 system?

A) Providing automatic call-back
B) Automatically dispatching an ambulance
C) Dispatching law enforcement
D) Identifying the caller’s location

Answer 22

D) Identifying the caller’s location

Page Ref: 25
Objective: 2.5 Discuss the features and benefits of 911 and enhanced 911 emergency access systems.

Question 23

An enhanced 911 system would most likely benefit which of the following?

A) A patient being transferred from a critical access hospital to a major medical center
B) A patient who loses consciousness immediately after dialing for help
C) An elderly citizen calling to report suspicious activity outside their home
D) A conscious, alert patient calling from a cellular phone

Answer 23

B) A patient who loses consciousness immediately after dialing for help

Page Ref: 25
Objective: 2.5 Discuss the features and benefits of 911 and enhanced 911 emergency access systems.

Question 24

Which of the following allows vehicles to be continuously positioned in close proximity to where EMS calls are expected to occur at certain times of day, based on historical statistics for the system?

A) System status management
B) Global positioning system
C) Public safety placement system
D) Enhanced vehicle status management

Answer 24

A) System status management

Page Ref: 25
Objective: 2.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 25

When a 911 call is placed from a cellular phone, what is the most significant problem that can occur? A) Determining the type of emergency B) Background noise and interference C) Determining the location of the caller D) Verifying the type of response needed

Answer 25

C) Determining the location of the caller Page Ref: 25 Objective: 2.5 Discuss the features and benefits of 911 and enhanced 911 emergency access systems.

Question 26

A common system standard for ALS service is to respond to ________ percent of calls in ________ minutes or less. A) 60; 6 B) 70; 7 C) 80; 8 D) 90; 9

Answer 26

C) 80; 8 Page Ref: 25 Objective: 2.3 Briefly explain each of the components of the Technical Assistance Program Assessment Standards.

Question 27

Which person within the EMS system is responsible for approving EMS providers to practice within the system? A) Service manager B) Medical director C) Clinical coordinator D) State EMS office

Answer 27

B) Medical director Page Ref: 25 Objective: 2.10 Discuss the purposes of medical direction and medical oversight in the EMS system.

Question 28

Medical direction that takes place in the form of protocols and standing orders is considered: A) online. B) prospective. C) direct. D) passive.

Answer 28

B) prospective. Page Ref: 25 Objective: 2.10 Discuss the purposes of medical direction and medical oversight in the EMS system.

Question 29

Which of the following would be an EMS public health initiative? A) Volunteering to raise money for a sick child B) Setting up free blood pressure screenings C) Purchasing equipment with new technology D) Working extra shifts to cover for an injured employee

Answer 29

B) Setting up free blood pressure screenings Page Ref: 27 Objective: 2.9 Describe the relationship between EMS and public health.

Question 30

Your patient complains of substernal chest pain radiating to her back. You treat her according to your chest pain protocol, but she doesn't get any relief. You learn later that she also had low blood sugar, but you didn't check her blood glucose level. You feel like you need to learn more about what happened with this patient. You should: A) call the patient's family. B) ask a coworker. C) speak to your medical director. D) ask to see the patient's hospital report.

Answer 30

C) speak to your medical director. Page Ref: 26 Objective: 2.11 Give examples of offline, online, prospective, concurrent, and retrospective medical direction.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT an objective of an effective continuous quality improvement program? A) Disciplining employees B) Evaluating response times C) Measuring patient satisfaction D) Providing high-quality patient care

Answer 31

A) Disciplining employees Page Ref: 26 Objective: 2.12 Describe the purpose of continuous quality improvement (CQI) programs in EMS, and the Advanced EMT's role in CQI.

Question 32

The EMS Agenda for the Future calls for a greater role of EMS in: A) interfacility transport. B) developing national protocols. C) providing home health care. D) health care and public health.

Answer 32

D) health care and public health. Page Ref: 26 Objective: 2.9 Describe the relationship between EMS and public health.

Question 33

An example of cooperation between states for the provision of emergency services is to: A) allow out-of-state EMS providers to provide care in disasters. B) have AEMTs practice as paramedics in the emergency department. C) plan training meetings with the medical director. D) require all EMS provides to dress in similar uniforms.

Answer 33

A) allow out-of-state EMS providers to provide care in disasters. Page Ref: 27 Objective: 2.7 Discuss the role of EMS as part of the health care system.

Question 34

In which of the following areas would you MOST likely find a neonatal intensive care unit? A) Community hospital B) Critical access hospital C) Large city hospital D) Urgent care center

Answer 34

C) Large city hospital Page Ref: 26 Objective: 2.6 Explain the importance of Advanced EMTs understanding the health care and public health resources available in the community.

Question 35

One of EMS's greatest challenges as it moves into the future will be to: A) write new statewide protocols. B) educate the public about EMS. C) develop new leaders. D) get approval for a national pay scale.

Answer 35

C) develop new leaders. Page Ref: 27 Objective: 2.13 Identify current issues and trends in EMS.

Question 36

A small rural hospital that provides 24-hour emergency care to stabilize critical patients for transfer to a higher level of care is an example of which of the following? A) Community access hospital B) Critical access hospital C) Regional trauma center D) Level III treatment center

Answer 36

B) Critical access hospital Page Ref: 26 Objective: 2.1 Define key terms introduced in this chapter.

Question 37

Which of the following would be an example of retrospective medical direction? A) Yearly refresher training on medication administration B) Training meetings to review new protocols C) Calling the hospital for orders to restrain a violent patient D) Medical director reviewing all stroke calls for the prior month

Answer 37

D) Medical director reviewing all stroke calls for the prior month Page Ref: 25-26 Objective: 2.11 Give examples of offline, online, prospective, concurrent, and retrospective medical direction.

Question 38

Which of the following would be of particular concern to the public health system? A) A major earthquake near a metropolitan area B) An outbreak of mumps passed through a family C) Development of a new interstate system D) A patient who is diagnosed with Alzheimer's

Answer 38

A) A major earthquake near a metropolitan area Page Ref: 27 Objective: 2.8 Describe the scope of concerns of a public health system.

Question 39

The intent of continuing education (CE) is to build on entry-level professional knowledge and to: A) review material learned in school regarding patient care. B) keep informed about trends and research in EMS. C) provide an outlet to discuss problems with protocols. D) allow a forum to look for a position with another service.

Answer 39

B) keep informed about trends and research in EMS. Page Ref: 23 Objective: 2.14 Identify credible resources for learning about issues and trends in EMS.

Question 40

EMS providers may have difficulty moving to other states to work because licensure requirements are different. Which of the following would be the BEST solution to maintain the highest standard of care? A) Loosen all licensure requirements. B) Have all states adhere to the same standards. C) Extend licensure periods to ten years. D) Decrease educational requirements.

Answer 40

B) Have all states adhere to the same standards. Page Ref: 23 Objective: 2.15 Given an issue or problem in EMS, suggest changes that could be implemented.

Question 41

When it comes to changes in the EMS industry to address best practices, the EMS professional should: A) take the role of a passive recipient. B) be active in assessing needs and making change happen. C) rely on others to lead. D) be concerned about present versus future goals.

Answer 41

B) be active in assessing needs and making change happen. Page Ref: 17 Objective: 2.7 Discuss the role of EMS as part of the health care system.