Ch 24 Digestive Part 1 Flashcards
What consists of the GI tract (alimentary canal) and accessory organs
digestive system
What is the pathway for food, breakdown into nutrients and packaging of waste products
GI tract
what includes accessory organs that aid in mastication and glandular secretions that aid in enzymatic digestion
accessory organs
What is the stuff we ingest
food
What is the substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and maintaining life
nutrients
What is the process of breakdown of food via mechanical and chemical means
digestion
Digestion occurs in what part of the GI tract (starts and ends where)
mouth to the duodenum
What is the process by which nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream
absorption
Where does absorption start and end
jejunum to the colon
What the 6 essential digestive functions/activites
ingestion
propulsion
mechanical digestion
chemical digestion
absorption
defecation
What digestive function is the intake of solid food and drink via the oral cavity
ingestion
What is the chewing of food called, involving teeth and tongue, involving mechanical breakdown
mastication
What digestive function is the downward movement of food through the GI tract (24-36 hrs), use of peristaltic waves — PERISTALSIS
propulsion
Swallowing is also called…
deglutination
What digestive function is the mixing of food with digestive secretions via muscular contraction, which alters forward and back movement of GI content in the small and large intestines
mechanical digestion (segmentation)
What digestive function is the break down of food into smaller molecules for easier digestion via enzymes
chemical digestion
What digestive function is the movement of molecules from digestive tract into the blood or lymph
absorption
What digestive function is when the waste products of digestion are eliminated from the body, occuring in the large intestine
defecation
What are the 4 layers (tunics) of the digestive tract
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa (adventitia)
Where do the 4 tunics of the digestive track span from (start and end)
esophagus to anus
What is the innermost tunic of the digestive tract
mucosa
what are the two types of epithelium in the mucosa
lamina propria and muscularis mucosae
What kind of epithelium lines the mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, and anus
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What kind of epithelium is classic and lines the rest of the GI tract
simple columnar epithelium