Capillaries & fluid exchange, venous return, special circuits WK9 L1 Flashcards
WHAT MOVES ACROSS CAPILLARY WALLS?
GASES
FOOD NUTRIENTS
WATER
WASTE
HOW MANY WAYS CAN MOLECULES MOVE ACROSS THE CAPILLARY WALL?
4
WHAT ARE THE 4 WAYS THE MOLECULES MOVE ACROSS THE CAPILLARY WALL?
DIFFUSION THROUGH LIPID BILAYER OF PLASMA MEMBRANE
THROUGH INTERCELLULAR CLEFTS
THROUGH FILTRATION PORES
VIA VESSICLES
WHAT MOLECULES CAN DIFFUSE THROUGH THE LIPID BILAYER?
02, C02, STEROID HORMONES
WHAT MOLECULES CAN GO THROUGH THE INTERCELLULAR CLEFTS?
WATER SOLUBLE SOLUTES - ELECTROLYTES, AMINO ACIDS, GLUCOES
WHAT MOLECULES CAN GO THROUGH THE FILTRATION PORES?
WATER SOLUBLE SOLUTES - ELECTROLYTES, AMINO ACIDS, GLUCOSE
WHAT MOLECULES CAN ENTER VIA VESSICLES?
LARGER MOLECULES - PROTEINS, INSULIN, ALBUMIN
WHEN IS FLUID DRIVEN OUT OF THE BLOOD?
WHEN THE BLOOD IS IN THE CAPILLARY BEDS FROM HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
WHEN IS FLUID DRIVEN INTO THE BLOOD?
WHEN THE BLOOD ENTERS THE VERY END OF THE CAPILLARY BEDS AND THE PRESSURE IS VERY LOW FROM THE WATER DECREASING IN BLOOD SO OSMOTIC COLLOID PRESSURE DRAWS FLUID BACK IN
WHAT ARE THE MECHANISMS OF VEINOUS RETRUN?
PRESSURE GRADIENT GRAVITY SKELETAL MUSCLE PUMP IN LIMBS THORASIC PUMP CARDIAC SUCTION
HOW DOES THE PRESSURE GRADIENT WORK DURING VEINOUS RETURN?
PRESSURE IN VEINS GET LOWER AS BLOOD TRAVELS TO HEART - VASOCONTRICTION INCREASES PRESSURE
HOW DOES GRAVITY WORK DURING VEINOUS RETURN?
GRAVITY DRAINS BLOOD FROM HEAD AND NECK - IF LIMBS ELEVATED OR YOU LAY FLAY VEINOUS RETURN WILL INCREASE - POSTURE EFFECTS VEINOUS RETURN
HOW DO THE SKELETAL MUSCLE PUMPS IN LIMBS WORK DURING VEINOUS RETURN?
VEINS NEXT TO SKELETAL MUSCLES WILL CONTRACT WHEN THE MUSCLE CONTRACTS TO PUMP BLOOD BACK TO HEART THROUGH ONE WAY VALVES
HOW DOES THE THORASIC PUMP WORK DURING VEINOUS RETURN?
DURING INHALATION THORASIC CAVITY EXPANDS WHICH DECREASES PRESSURE - THE ABDOMINAL PRESSURE THEN INCREASES DUE TO DIAPHRAM MOVING TO WHICH DECREASES SPACE OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY - THIS THE FORCES THE BLOOD UPWARDS DUE TO A SQUEEZINF EFFECT O INFERIOR VENA CAVA
HOW DOES CARDIAC SUCTION WORK DURING VEINOUS RETURN?
HAPPENS DURING DIASTOLE - THE RAPID ENLARGEMENT OF VENTRICULAR CAVITY CREATES FALL IN INTRAVENICULAR PRESSURE ACTS TO SUCK IN BLOOD FROM THE GREAT VEINS
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN VEINOUS RETURN MECHANISMS DO NOT OCCUR?
BLOOD POOLS
VEINOUS PRESSURE IS NOT HIGH ENOUGH TO FORCE BLOOD UPWARDS
BLOOD CLOTS MAY FORM
WHAT ARE THE PULMONARY VESSELS ENTERING AND LEAVING THE HEART?
R AND L ATRIUM R AND L VENTRICLES R AND L PULMONARY ARTERIES R AND L PULMONARY VEINS 3 LOBAR ARTERIES TO R LUNG 2 LOBAR ARTERIES TO L LUNG PULMONARY TRUNK AORTIC ARCH
WHAT DO THE SYSTEMIC ARTERIES DO?
TAKING OXYGENTAED BLOOD FROM LEFT SIDE OF HEART DELIVERING IT TO TISSUES
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BRANCHES OF THE AORTA?
AORTIC BRANCH
ASCENDING AORTA
DESCENDING AORTA
WHAT BRANCHES OF THE ASCENDING AORTA?
RIGHT AND LEFT CORONARY ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY HEART
WHAT BRANCHES OF THE DESCENDING AORTA?
THORASIC AORTA ABOVE DIAPHRAM
ABDOMINAL AORTA BELOW DIAPHRAM
WHAT BRANCHES OF THE AORTIC BRANCH?
BRACHICEPHALIC TRUNK WHICH BRANCHES INTO THE
R COMMON CAROTID ARTERY SUPPLIES BLOOD TO R SIDE OF HEAD AND
R SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY SUPPLIES BLOOD TO R SHOULDER AND UPPER LIMBS
L COMMON CAROTID ARTERY SUPPLIES BLOOD TO L SIDE OF HEAD
L SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY SUPPLIES BLOOD TO L SHOULDER AND UPPER LIMBS
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE UPPER LIMB?
R SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY AXIILLARY ARTERY BRACHIAL ARTERY RADIAL ARTERY ULNAR ARTERY PALMAR ARCHES DEEP AND SUPERFICIAL
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA?
CELIAC TRUNK SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY RENAL ARTERY INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY COMMON ILIAC
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB?
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY EXRENAL ILIAC ARTERY FEMORAL ARTERY DEEP FEMEROL ARTERY ANTERIOR TIBIA ARTERY POSTERIOR TIBIA ARTERY
WHAT ARE THE SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE HED AND NECK?
EXTRENAL JUGULAR VEIN INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN SUBCLAVIAN VEIN BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEIN AXILLARY VEIN
WHAT ARE THE DEEP VEINS OF THE UPPER LIMBS?
SUBCALVAIN VEIN AXILLARY VEIN BRACHIAL VEIN RADIAL VEIN ULNAR VEIN
WHAT ARE THE SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE UPPER LIMBS?
CEPHALIC VEIN
BASILIC VEIN
MEDIAN VEIN
WHAT IS THE SUPERIOR VENA CAVA AND TRIBUTARIES?
R AND L RENAL VEIN
COMMON ILIAC VEIN
EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE HAPATIC PORTAL SYSTEM?
HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN
INFERIOR VENA CAVA VEIN
INFERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN
WHAT ARE THE DEEP VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMBS?
INFERIOR VENA CAVA VEIN EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN FEMORAL VEIN GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN POPETIAL VEIN POSTERIOR TIBIA
WHAT ARE THE SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMBS?
INFERIOR VENA CAVA VEIN EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN FEMORAL VEIN GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN POPETIAL VEIN POSTERIOR TIBIA ANTERIOR TIBIA
