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BMS165 > Atomic Structure WK2 L1 > Flashcards

Atomic Structure WK2 L1 Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT THE SMALLEST INDIVIDUAL UNIT WE CAN DIVIDE DOWN TO AND STILL HAVE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES?

A

ATOM

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2
Q

WHAT IS THE ATOMS INNER DENSE AREA CALLED?

A

NUCELUS

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3
Q

WHAT IS OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS?

A

A WHOLE LOT OF SPACE

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4
Q

WHAT ARE THE PARTICLES ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE ATOM?

A

ELECTRONS

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5
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN PARTICLES INSIDE A NUCLEUS?

A

PROTONS AND NEUTRONS

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6
Q

WHICH PARTICLES ARE POSITIVELY CHARGED?

A

PROTONS

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7
Q

WHICH PARTICLES HAVE HO CHARGE?

A

NEUTRONS

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8
Q

WHICH PARTICLE INSIDE THE NUCLEUS DEFINES AN ELEMENT?

A

PROTON

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9
Q

HOW ARE ELEMENTS DEFINED?

A

BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS IT HAS

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10
Q

WHAT IS THE NUMBER THAT DEFINES AN ELEMENT CALLED?

A

THE ATOMIC NUMBER

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11
Q

HOW IS THE MASS NUMBER CALCULATED?

A

BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS AND AVERAGE NEUTRONS THE ATOM ADDED TOGETHER

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12
Q

WHY ARE ATOMIC MASSES NOT WHOLE NUMBERS?

A

THERE IS A VARIATION OF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS IN EACH ELEMENT DEPENDING ON ISOTOPES

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13
Q

WHAT IS THE VARIATION OF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS IN EACH ELEMENT CALLED?

A

ISOTOPES

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14
Q

WHAT IS AN ELECTRON SHELL?

A

LAYERS OF SHELL THAT KEEP THE ELECTRONS IN AN ORGANISED PATTERN

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15
Q

WHY ARE ELECTRON SHELLS IMPORTANT?

A

THEY INFLUENCE HOW INDIVIDUAL ATOMS REACT CHEMICALLY WITH ANOTHER ATOM

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16
Q

WHAT ARE ELECTRON BONDS?

A

WHERE ELECTRON SHELLS CONNECT TOGETHER TO BOND

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17
Q

HOW ARE THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS DETERMINED?

A

BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS WITHIN THE ATOM

18
Q

WHAT ARE THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN EACH ELECTRON SHELL?

A
19
Q

WHAT IS THE OUTMOST ELECTRON SHELL LAYER CALLED?

A

VALENCE SHELL

20
Q

WHAT DOES THE VALENCE SHELL DO?

A

DETERMINES HOW THINGS DO AND DONT REACT AND FORM CHEMICAL BONDS WITH OTHER ATOMS

21
Q

WHAT ARE ISOTOPES?

A

A VARIANT OF AN ELEMENT THAT DIFFERS BY THE AMOUNT OF NEUTRONS

22
Q

WHAT ARE RADIOISOTOPES?

A

AN ISOTOPE WITH AN UNSTABLE NUCLEUS

23
Q

WHAT DOES THE PHYSICAL HALF-LIFE OF RADIOISOTOPES MEAN?

A

THE TIME REQUIRED FOR 50% TO DECAY TO A STABLE STATE

24
Q

WHAT DOES THE BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE OF RADIOISOTOPES MEAN?

A

THE TIME REQUIRED FOR 50% TO DISAPPEAR FROM THE BODY

25
Q

WHAT ARE IONS?

A

AN ATOM WITH A NET CHARGE

UNEVEN NUMBER OF PROTONS AND ELECTRONS

26
Q

WHAT IS IONISATION?

A

THE TRANSFER OF ELECTRONS FROM ONE ATOM TO ANOTHER

27
Q

WHAT ARE ANIONS?

A

AN ION WITH A NEGATIVE CHARGE

28
Q

WHAT ARE CATIONS?

A

AN ION WITH A POSITIVE CHARGE

29
Q

WHAT ARE ELECTROLYTES

A

SOMETHING THATS TURNS INTO AN ION (GETS A CHARGE) WHEN ITS PUT INTO WATER

(THE FLOW OF IONS)

30
Q

WHAT DO ELECTROLYTES DO TO THE BODY?

A

HELPS THE BODY REGULATE CHEMICAL REACTIONS & MAINTAINS FLUID BALANCE BETWEEN CELLS INSIDE & OUTSIDE THE BODY

31
Q

WHAT ARE FREE RADICALS?

A

ATOMS WITH AN UNPAORED ELECTRON IN VALENCE SHELL

32
Q

WHAT DO FREE RADICALS DO TO THE BODY?

A

STEAL ELECTRONS FROM OTHER ATOMS DESTROYING CELLS CAUSING CELLULAR INJURY

33
Q

WHAT ARE ANTIOXIDANTS?

A

CHEMICALS THAT NEUTRALISE ACTIONS OF FREE RADICALS

34
Q

WHAT DO ANTIOXIDANTS DO TO THE BODY?

A

PREVENTS THE FORMATION OF RADICALS, & PROMOTES RADICAL DECOMPOSITION

35
Q

WHAT IS RADIOACTIVE DECAY

A

WHEN AN UNSTABLE NUCLEUS SPITS OUT PROTONS IR NEUTRONS TO REARRANGE

36
Q

WHY DOES A NUCLEUS BECOME UNSTABLE?

A

BY HAVING TO MANY PROTONS OR TO MANY NEUTRONS MAKING THE NUECLEAR FORCES UNSTABLE

37
Q

ARE PROTONS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVELY CHARGED?

A

POSITIVELY

38
Q

ARE NEUTRONS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVELY CHARGED?

A

NEITHER - THEY ARE NEUTRAL

39
Q

ARE ELECTRONS POSITIVE OR NEGATIVELY CHARGED?

A

NEGATIVELY

40
Q

WHAT IS ELECTRICITY

A

THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS

BMS165 (39 decks)

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