Byzantine Empire - Global Studies 1 - DeMarco

Question 1

The Eastern Roman Empire becomes

Answer 1

the Byzantine Empire

Question 2

Byzantine Empire will last until

Answer 2

1453

Question 3

Byzantine Capital

Answer 3

Constantinople

Question 4

The greatest commercial center in Europe during this time is

Answer 4

Constantinople

Question 5

China and India, through Constantinople traded

Answer 5

Silk, spices, and ivory, (smuggling of silk worms)

Question 6

Russia, through Constantinople traded

Answer 6

wheat and furs

Question 7

Basil II’s nickname

Answer 7

‘Bulger slayer’

Question 8

Justinian’s goal

Answer 8

Reestablish Roman Empire

Question 9

Justinian reconquers

Answer 9

North Africa and Sicily

Question 10

Justianian’s Code

Answer 10

Law based off Roman Law, surveys as basis for legal system for continental Europe

Question 11

Empress Theodora

Answer 11

Born in lower class, married Justinian and establishes churches, monasteries, etc

Question 12

The Hippodrome

Answer 12

Amphitheater in Constantinople, hosted gladiator fights

Question 13

‘Nika’

Answer 13

Win or Victory

Question 14

Nika Revolt

Answer 14

Occurred at Hippodrome, turn against Justinian for high taxes

Question 15

Justinian’s actions Nika Revolt

Answer 15

Killed 30,000 of his opposers

Question 16

Hagia Sophia

Answer 16

‘Holy wisdom’, changed to Istanbul, is now a mosque

Question 17

Seventh Century Byzantine Empire

Answer 17

Struggled, over extended, no money, plague, and attacks

Question 18

Battle of Yarmuk River

Answer 18

Byzantines lose Syria

Question 19

Siege of Constantinople

Answer 19

Muslim attack defeated with Greek Fire

Question 20

Icons Pro’s and Cons

Answer 20

Helps illiterate people with religion

Con. widespread used leads to idolatry

Question 21

Iconoclasm

Answer 21

Opposition to the use of icons in religious expression

Question 22

Emperor Leo

Answer 22

Outlawed use of icons

Question 23

Pope opposes Emperor Leo’s actions ->

Answer 23

Tension between Roman and Byzantine Emperors

Question 24

Byzantine Emperors

Answer 24

Chosen by God, absolute power

Question 25

Emperor Michael III

Answer 25

Abolished iconoclasm

Question 26

Photian Schism

Answer 26

Dispute over Nicene Creed

Question 27

Patriarch Photus

Answer 27

Excommunicates Pope as a heretic, photian schism

Question 28

Emperor Basil

Answer 28

Starts Macedonian Dynasty

Question 29

Vladmir the Great

Answer 29

Converts to Christianity, Prince of Kiev, Russian life becomes centered around it

Question 30

Orthodox

Answer 30

‘Right belief’ different to Catholicism in way of life and worth

Question 31

West Catholic

Answer 31

Latin, Rome, pope

Question 32

East Orthodox

Answer 32

Greek, Constantinople, patriarch

Question 33

Emperor Basil II

Answer 33

Expands empire into Bulgaria, Crete, Cyprus, and Syria

Question 34

Battle of Heidiom

Answer 34

Blinds 14000 Bulgar captives before sending them home

Question 35

Eastern Schism

Answer 35

Pope Leo IX (Catholic) vs Patriarch Michael Cerularius

Question 36

In the Eastern Schism, Eastern Orthodocx rejected

Answer 36

The claim that the Pope was the sole lead of the Catholic Church

Question 37

Reasons for Decline of Byzantine empire

Answer 37

- Eastern Schism - power struggles between aristocrats - Muslim Fatimid Dynasty - Battle of Manzikert

Question 38

Battle of Manzikert

Answer 38

Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantines and occupy much of Antolia

Question 39

Alexius Comnenus

Answer 39

seizes Byzantine throne, establishes Comneni dynasty, starts Crusades

Question 40

Pope Urban II

Answer 40

asks for help against Seljuk Turks, expects military aid, but in reality starts Crusades

Question 41

Peter the Hermit

Answer 41

preached of visions of Jerusalem and convinced a large mob to undertake a crusade

Question 42

Motivations for First Crusade

Answer 42

Religious Fever, Promise of Salvation and forgiveness of sins, and a chance to win riches, land, & titles

Question 43

Alexius requests that military leaders of First Crusade

Answer 43

- Take oath of loyalty to him and promise that conquered land would be under Byzantine control

Question 44

Outcome of First Crusade

Answer 44

Conquered Antioch in 1098 and Jerusalem in 1099 (crusaders also slaughtered much of Jerusalem population

Question 45

Four Crusader States

Answer 45

Antioch, Tripoli, Edessa, and Jerusalem

Question 46

Cause of Second Crusade

Answer 46

the Fall of Edessa in 1144

Question 47

Failure of Second Crusade

Answer 47

only captured some coastal cities

Question 48

Only success of Second Crusade

Answer 48

help drive Moors from Lisbon, Portugal along the way

Question 49

Saladin

Answer 49

proclaims himself sultan over Egypt and Syria

Question 50

Siege of Jerusalem

Answer 50

led by Saladin, does not permit massacre of civilians, allows continuation of Christian religious services

Question 51

Cause of Third Crusade

Answer 51

called in response of fall of Jerusalem

Question 52

"King's Crusade" refers to

Answer 52

the Third Crusade

Question 53

Three European Monarchs

Answer 53

Emperor Frederick Barbossa (Holy Roman) King Richard I (England) King Philip II Augustus (France

Question 54

Outcomes of Third Crusade

Answer 54

Barbossa -> drowns and breaks up empire? Philip -> eventually return to France Richard -> negotiates with Saladin

Question 55

Cause of Fourth Crusade

Answer 55

Pope Innocent calls after death of Saladin

Question 56

Events of Fourth Crusade

Answer 56

Crusaders when off course to attack Constantinople instead of Jerusalem

Question 57

Sack of Constantinople date

Answer 57

April 12, 1204

Question 58

Effects of the Fourth Crusade

Answer 58

Byzantine Empire breaks into smaller states ruled by crusaders

Question 59

Mehmet II

Answer 59

takes Ottoman throne and is determined to capture Constantinople

Question 60

Fall of Constantinople date

Answer 60

May 29, 1453