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Some other class > Byzantine Empire - Global Studies 1 - DeMarco > Flashcards

Byzantine Empire - Global Studies 1 - DeMarco Flashcards

1
Q

The Eastern Roman Empire becomes

A

the Byzantine Empire

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2
Q

Byzantine Empire will last until

A

1453

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3
Q

Byzantine Capital

A

Constantinople

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4
Q

The greatest commercial center in Europe during this time is

A

Constantinople

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5
Q

China and India, through Constantinople traded

A

Silk, spices, and ivory, (smuggling of silk worms)

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6
Q

Russia, through Constantinople traded

A

wheat and furs

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7
Q

Basil II’s nickname

A

‘Bulger slayer’

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8
Q

Justinian’s goal

A

Reestablish Roman Empire

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9
Q

Justinian reconquers

A

North Africa and Sicily

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10
Q

Justianian’s Code

A

Law based off Roman Law, surveys as basis for legal system for continental Europe

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11
Q

Empress Theodora

A

Born in lower class, married Justinian and establishes churches, monasteries, etc

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12
Q

The Hippodrome

A

Amphitheater in Constantinople, hosted gladiator fights

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13
Q

‘Nika’

A

Win or Victory

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14
Q

Nika Revolt

A

Occurred at Hippodrome, turn against Justinian for high taxes

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15
Q

Justinian’s actions Nika Revolt

A

Killed 30,000 of his opposers

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16
Q

Hagia Sophia

A

‘Holy wisdom’, changed to Istanbul, is now a mosque

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17
Q

Seventh Century Byzantine Empire

A

Struggled, over extended, no money, plague, and attacks

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18
Q

Battle of Yarmuk River

A

Byzantines lose Syria

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19
Q

Siege of Constantinople

A

Muslim attack defeated with Greek Fire

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20
Q

Icons Pro’s and Cons

A

Helps illiterate people with religion

Con. widespread used leads to idolatry

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21
Q

Iconoclasm

A

Opposition to the use of icons in religious expression

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22
Q

Emperor Leo

A

Outlawed use of icons

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23
Q

Pope opposes Emperor Leo’s actions ->

A

Tension between Roman and Byzantine Emperors

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24
Q

Byzantine Emperors

A

Chosen by God, absolute power

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25
Q

Emperor Michael III

A

Abolished iconoclasm

26
Q

Photian Schism

A

Dispute over Nicene Creed

27
Q

Patriarch Photus

A

Excommunicates Pope as a heretic, photian schism

28
Q

Emperor Basil

A

Starts Macedonian Dynasty

29
Q

Vladmir the Great

A

Converts to Christianity, Prince of Kiev, Russian life becomes centered around it

30
Q

Orthodox

A

‘Right belief’ different to Catholicism in way of life and worth

31
Q

West Catholic

A

Latin, Rome, pope

32
Q

East Orthodox

A

Greek, Constantinople, patriarch

33
Q

Emperor Basil II

A

Expands empire into Bulgaria, Crete, Cyprus, and Syria

34
Q

Battle of Heidiom

A

Blinds 14000 Bulgar captives before sending them home

35
Q

Eastern Schism

A

Pope Leo IX (Catholic) vs Patriarch Michael Cerularius

36
Q

In the Eastern Schism, Eastern Orthodocx rejected

A

The claim that the Pope was the sole lead of the Catholic Church

37
Q

Reasons for Decline of Byzantine empire

A
  • Eastern Schism
  • power struggles between aristocrats
  • Muslim Fatimid Dynasty
  • Battle of Manzikert
38
Q

Battle of Manzikert

A

Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantines and occupy much of Antolia

39
Q

Alexius Comnenus

A

seizes Byzantine throne, establishes Comneni dynasty, starts Crusades

40
Q

Pope Urban II

A

asks for help against Seljuk Turks, expects military aid, but in reality starts Crusades

41
Q

Peter the Hermit

A

preached of visions of Jerusalem and convinced a large mob to undertake a crusade

42
Q

Motivations for First Crusade

A

Religious Fever, Promise of Salvation and forgiveness of sins, and a chance to win riches, land, & titles

43
Q

Alexius requests that military leaders of First Crusade

A
  • Take oath of loyalty to him and promise that conquered land would be under Byzantine control
44
Q

Outcome of First Crusade

A

Conquered Antioch in 1098 and Jerusalem in 1099 (crusaders also slaughtered much of Jerusalem population

45
Q

Four Crusader States

A

Antioch, Tripoli, Edessa, and Jerusalem

46
Q

Cause of Second Crusade

A

the Fall of Edessa in 1144

47
Q

Failure of Second Crusade

A

only captured some coastal cities

48
Q

Only success of Second Crusade

A

help drive Moors from Lisbon, Portugal along the way

49
Q

Saladin

A

proclaims himself sultan over Egypt and Syria

50
Q

Siege of Jerusalem

A

led by Saladin, does not permit massacre of civilians, allows continuation of Christian religious services

51
Q

Cause of Third Crusade

A

called in response of fall of Jerusalem

52
Q

“King’s Crusade” refers to

A

the Third Crusade

53
Q

Three European Monarchs

A

Emperor Frederick Barbossa (Holy Roman)
King Richard I (England)
King Philip II Augustus (France

54
Q

Outcomes of Third Crusade

A

Barbossa -> drowns and breaks up empire?
Philip -> eventually return to France
Richard -> negotiates with Saladin

55
Q

Cause of Fourth Crusade

A

Pope Innocent calls after death of Saladin

56
Q

Events of Fourth Crusade

A

Crusaders when off course to attack Constantinople instead of Jerusalem

57
Q

Sack of Constantinople date

A

April 12, 1204

58
Q

Effects of the Fourth Crusade

A

Byzantine Empire breaks into smaller states ruled by crusaders

59
Q

Mehmet II

A

takes Ottoman throne and is determined to capture Constantinople

60
Q

Fall of Constantinople date

A

May 29, 1453

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