Biology - Topic 5

Question 1

potential energy

Answer 1

stored, not in use, not in motion

Question 2

Kinetic energy

Answer 2

used, in motion, in use

Question 3

metabolism

Answer 3

chemical reactions that occur within the body that support life

Question 4

catabolism

Answer 4

breaking down polymers into monomers (or smaller polymers)

Question 5

anabolism

Answer 5

taking monomers and building them into polymers (dehydration synthesis)

Question 6

entropy

Answer 6

measure of dispersed energy (disorder of a system, meaning how many possible states there are)

Question 7

enzymes

Answer 7

proteins, 3D, speed up chemical reactions

Question 8

substrate

Answer 8

reactant in a chemical reaction (what is being changed in active site)

Question 9

active site

Answer 9

the part of the enzyme that changes the substrate

Question 10

end product

Answer 10

final product after a series of reactions

Question 11

Lock and Key model

Answer 11

substrates and enzymes have to perfectly match in active site for a reaction

Question 12

issues with Lock and Key model

Answer 12

millions of enzymes, millions of substrates, perfect match is improbable

Question 13

Induced Fit model

Answer 13

substrates are “jammed in” the active site for a reaction (dont perfectly fit)

Question 14

Diffusion

Answer 14

transportation of molecules, high concentration to low concentration, No energy required, no protien required

Question 15

facilitated diffusion

Answer 15

Like diffuion but requires and transfer protein

Question 16

Active transportation

Answer 16

transportation of molecules, Low concentration to high, requires energy (ATP) and transportation protein

Question 17

passive transport

Answer 17

requires no energy

Question 18

Solute

Answer 18

substance that can be dissolved (or what was dissolved

Question 19

Solvent

Answer 19

can not be dissolved (by H2O in most instances)

Question 20

H2O is polar meaning

Answer 20

it is often solvent

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

net movement of water

Question 22

endocytosis

Answer 22

molecules enter the cell by fusing with cell membrane

Question 23

exocytosis

Answer 23

molecules leave the cell by fusing with cell membrane

Question 24

tonicity

Answer 24

measure of solutes

Question 25

hypertonic

Answer 25

more solute on the outside, water follows solute to the outside, shrivel

Question 26

hypotonic

Answer 26

more solute on the inside, water follows solute to the inside, burst

Question 27

isotonic

Answer 27

equal amounts of solute inside and outside

Question 28

enzyeme substrate complex

Answer 28

process where substrates are being changed within the enzyme