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Some other class > Biology - Tri 1 > Flashcards

Biology - Tri 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Atom

A

basic building blocks of all matter, first level of organization, ex. Lithium

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2
Q

Molecule

A

2nd level of organization, ex. O2 & H20

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3
Q

Cell

A

3rd level of organization, ex. plant cell, animal cell, smallest functional unit of life

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4
Q

Tissue

A

a group of cells, ex. skin tissue, blood tissue

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5
Q

organ

A

A group specialized tissues and cell, ex. Skin, hearts, lungs, ect

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6
Q

Organ system

A

A system of organs, ex. reproductive system, respiratory system

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7
Q

multicelled organizm

A

an organism with more than one cell

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8
Q

population

A

a collection of smaller things (1)

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9
Q

community

A

groups of populations (2)

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10
Q

Ecosystem

A

living nd non-living things in an area (3)

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11
Q

Biosphere

A

Everything on earth (4)

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12
Q

producers

A

able to make their own food

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13
Q

consumers

A

animals, cannot produce their own food

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14
Q

decomposers

A

Feed off decomposed matter

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15
Q

Autotrophs

A

make its own food, ex. plants

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16
Q

Heterotrophs

A

cannot make its own food

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17
Q

DNA

A

Code of Life, found in cell’s nucleus, shape of double helix

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18
Q

RNA

A

single stranded

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19
Q

3 kinds of RNA

A

Messenger RNA, Ribosome RNA, Transfer RNA

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20
Q

Homeostasis

A

Detecting change in the environment internally and externally and adapting

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21
Q

Taxonomy

A

classification of organisms

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22
Q

Domain

A

Top of Life’s organizational pyramid (LOP), ex. Bacteria, Archaea

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23
Q

Kingdom

A

Under Domain, above Phylum, and 2nd in LOP, ex. Kingdom animale

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24
Q

Phylum

A

Under Kingdom, above Class, and 3rd in LOP, ex. Mollusca (octopussies n shit)

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25
Q

Class

A

Under Phylum, above Order, and 4th in LOP, ex. mammals

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26
Q

Order

A

Under Class, above Family and 5th in LOP, ex. Chiopetra (bats)

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27
Q

Family

A

Under Order, above Genus, 6th in LOP, ex. Canidea (wolves, dogs)

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28
Q

Genus

A

Under Family, above Species, ex Amanita (mushrooms)

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29
Q

Species

A

Lowest in LOP, ex. humans

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30
Q

3 domains

A

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

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31
Q

Bacteria Domain

A

no nucleus, single celled, super small, prokaryotes

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32
Q

Archaea

A

Prokaryotes found in harsh conditions

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33
Q

Eukarya

A

Kingdom Animale, have nucleus, humans are in this domain

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34
Q

4 Eukaryotic Kingdoms

A

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista

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35
Q

Quantative

A

how many in data

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36
Q

Qualitive

A

How well/good/bad in data

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37
Q

objective

A

fact

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38
Q

subjective

A

opinion

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39
Q

Law & theory

A

Law is an observation, Theory is the explanation

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40
Q

Protons

A

sub atomic particle, + charge, makes up nucleus of atom

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41
Q

Neutrons

A

sub atomic particle, = charge, makes up nucleus of atom

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42
Q

Electron

A

sub atomic particle, - charge, orbits around atom’s nucleus

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43
Q

Atomic Number

A

of Protons

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44
Q

Atomic Mass

A

weight of neutrons

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45
Q

intramolecular bonds

A

inbetween atoms

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46
Q

ionic bonds

A

two ions may stay together by the mutual attraction of their opposite chargegs

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47
Q

Covalent Bonds

A

chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of electrons

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48
Q

octet rule

A

8 electrons make an atom very stable

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49
Q

Electronegativity

A

the ability (measure) of an element to take away electrons from a neighboring element

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50
Q

Hydrophilic

A

water loving

51
Q

hydrophobic

A

water hating

52
Q

Bohr Model

A

represent the # & location of electrons in an atom

53
Q

molecule

A

a group of bonded atoms

54
Q

ions

A

an atom lacking or gained an electron (has a charge)

55
Q

Isotope

A

An atom with extra or lack of neutron (same element)

56
Q

valence electrons

A

the electrons on the most outer shell of an atom

57
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

weak force, bonds with hydrogen, ex. water can change form easily

58
Q

Cohesion

A

refers to the sticking together of alike molecules, such as water molecules being attracted to other water molecules

59
Q

pH scale

A

pH, used to find acidity or basicity of an aqueos solution.

60
Q

acidic

A

high concentration of hydrogen ions, dissolves metals, tomatos, bananas, Cola, have lower # on pH scale

61
Q

Basic

A

higher than 7 on pH scale, blood is 7.4, sea water, bleach, baking soda

62
Q

neutral on pH scale

A

7, water is neutral

63
Q

organic molecule

A

has to contain carbon (and hydrogen)

64
Q

hydroxyl group

A

entity with formula OH-

65
Q

Alcohol group

A

an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl group is bound to a carbon, formula is CO

66
Q

amino group

A

NH2

67
Q

phosphate group

A

a phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid. PO4

68
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

chemical reaction that involves the loss of a water molecule from the reacting molecule. (Monomers into polymer +H2O

69
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound,

70
Q

Monomer

A

Molecule that can be bonded to another to form a polymer

71
Q

Polymer

A

Substance that has a number of smaller units connected together

72
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Makes glucose which makes energy, pasta, bread

73
Q

Lipid

A

Fatty organic molecules, waxes, steroids, oils

74
Q

Proteins

A

Builds and repairs tissue, organic molecule, make enzymes

75
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

DNA, RNA, organic molecule

76
Q

Saturated fat

A

Type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have mainly single bonds

77
Q

Unsaturated fat

A

Type of fat in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain

78
Q

Triglyceride

A

Ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups, main part of natural fats and oils

79
Q

Sterol

A

Group of naturally occurring unsaturated steroid alcohols, typically waxy solids

80
Q

Cholesterol

A

Organic molecule, type of sterol, essential to animal cell membranes

81
Q

Wax

A

Second group of lipids, long fatty acid chain linked to ester oxygen to long chain alcohol

82
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Oxygen transporting protein of red blood cells

83
Q

Denaturation

A

Process where proteins or nucleic acids lose their 3D structure (temperature)

84
Q

Monomer of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

85
Q

Polymer of carbohydrates

A

Polysaccharide

86
Q

Monomer of lipids

A

Fatty acids

87
Q

Polymers of lipids

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids

88
Q

Monomers of Protiens

A

Amino Acids

89
Q

Polymers of protiens

A

Polypeptide

90
Q

Monomers of nucleic acid

A

Nucleotide

91
Q

Polymers of nucleic acid

A

DNA, RNA

92
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Structurally supports cell and its shape

93
Q

Mitochondria

A

Energy powerhouse, produces ATP

94
Q

Centrioles

A

Special centers that produce and organize microtubules

95
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Selectively controls what substances go in and out of the cell,

96
Q

Nucleus

A

Keeps DNA separated from cytoplasm, ‘brain’ of cell

97
Q

Ribosomes

A

Sites of protein synthesis (attached to rough ER)

98
Q

Rough ER

A

Modifies proteins made by the ribosomes attached to it

99
Q

Smooth ER

A

Makes lipids, breaks down carbs and fats

100
Q

Golgi Body

A

Sorts and ships lipids, enzymes, and proteins

101
Q

Lysosomes

A

Recycles materials

102
Q

Cell wall

A

Protects and supports cell (plant cell only)

103
Q

Central Vacuole

A

Increases cell surface area, stores metabolic wastes (plant cell only)

104
Q

Chloroplast

A

Specializes in photosynthesis (plant cell only)

105
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy, not in motion

106
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy in motion

107
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all processes that maintain homeostasis (digestion)

108
Q

Catabolism

A

To break down molecules

109
Q

Anabolism

A

To form bigger molecules

110
Q

Entropy

A

The measure of randomness or disorder

111
Q

Solute

A

The part being dissolved in the solution

112
Q

Solvent

A

The dissolving part of the solution (water)

113
Q

Diffusion

A

Process in which molecules move from high amounts, no energy required, passive transport

114
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Diffusion but with a channel protein

115
Q

Active transport

A

Low to high, requires energy and a channel protein

116
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water

117
Q

Endocytosis

A

Process of capturing a substance or particle from the outside and bringing it in

118
Q

Exocytosis

A

Opposite of endocytoSUS

119
Q

Tonicity

A

Measure of solutes

120
Q

Hypertonic

A

More solute on the outside, shriveled

121
Q

Hypotonic

A

More solute on the inside, burst open

122
Q

Isotonic

A

Equal solute

123
Q

Rubisco

A

Special enzyme that modifies carbons

Some other class (44 decks)

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