blood glucose And Other monitoring W2

Question 1

Why do we monitor blood glucose?

Answer 1

It is the main way of diagnosing diabetes

It is the main way of day-to-day management and control of diabetes

Question 2

What indications of diabetic control does blood glucose monitoring give?

Answer 2

• Insulin requirements
• Avoidance of hypoglycaemia
• Change of therapy
• Exercise require requirements
• Driving
• Sickness/acute illnesses

Question 3

Who can monitor blood glucose?

Answer 3

-patient
- Family
- Healthcare professional

Question 4

When to monitor blood glucose

Answer 4

Individual patients will monitor at different times of the day

Before meals: 4-7mmol/L
90 minutes after meals: 5-9mmol/L
On waking: 4-7mmol/L

Record in a meter/diary

Question 5

How often to monitor blood glucose

Answer 5

Variable and negotiated with patient

Type one: four times a day – typically before meals and bedtime/waking

Type two: no requirement for self monitoring (unless on insulin) it is checked by healthcare professionals at reviews

Question 6

How to do a blood glucose monitoring test

Answer 6

Capillary/fingerprint test

Venus blood sample
- Six monthly checks

Interstitial fluid

Question 7

Fingerprint test

Answer 7

Has a meter that is not available on prescription but can be purchased from a pharmacy or you can receive a free meter from a diabetic clinic when diagnosed

Test strips and laces available on FP10

Question 8

Flash glucose monitors

Answer 8

A sensor under the skin that measures glucose constantly

Measures glucose and interstitial fluid

Scan over the sensor which is linked to a smart phone

E.g. freestyle Libre

Question 9

Continuous glucose monitoring

Answer 9

Sensor under the skin that measures glucose constantly

Measures glucose and interstitial fluid

Data is sent to display device (could be linked to an insulin pump)

Calibrated using fingerprint test

Question 10

Other monitoring

Answer 10

Glycated haemoglobin

Urine test

Question 11

Glycated haemoglobin

Answer 11

HbA1c - expressed as a percentage or mmol/L

Averages blood glucose concentration over 4 to 12 weeks

Normal equals 20 to 42 Mmol/L (46%)

Target for diabetes: < 48mmo/ (6.5%)

Avoid aggressive lowering as this has risk of hypoglycaemia

Can also be used as part of the diagnosis of diabetes in type two