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Sam - Biology > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

Ch 25

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1
Q

Plasma?

A

Liquid part of blood

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2
Q

What’s plasma made of?

A

Water, Proteins, Dissolved materials

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3
Q

What proteins in plasma?

A

Antibodies & Clotting proteins

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4
Q

What do antibodies do?

A

Combine with and neutralise foreign substances

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5
Q

What do clotting proteins do?

A

Form blood clots

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6
Q

What are antibodies made by?

A

White blood cells

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7
Q

Role of plasma?

A

Transport dissolved materials

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8
Q

Other word for white blood cells?

A

Leucocytes

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9
Q

Red or white blood cells larger?

A

White blood cells are larger than red blood cells

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10
Q

Do white blood cells have a definite shape?

A

No

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11
Q

How long do white blood cells live?

A

Few days (some for years)

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12
Q

Do white blood cells have a nucleus?

A

Yes

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13
Q

More RBC’s or WBC’s

A

More red blood cells
700 RBC’s : 1 WBC

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14
Q

Where are white blood cells made?

A

In bone marrow

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15
Q

Role of white blood cells?

A
  • Defend/fight against infection
  • Surround/engulf the bacteria and digest them
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16
Q

What’s phagocytosis?

A

Way in which a cell eats solid particles

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17
Q

Other named for red blood cells?

A

Red blood corpuscles or erythrocytes

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18
Q

Where are red blood cells produced?
Give eg

A

Bone marrow
Eg: ribs

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19
Q

Comment on red blood cells membrane?

A

Consists of flexible membrane containing many molecules of a red protein-haemoglobin, which carries oxygen

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20
Q

Comment on size of red blood cells?

A

Very small

21
Q

Can red blood cells repair themselves?

A

No

22
Q

How long do red blood cells live?

A

4 months

23
Q

Why do red blood cells live short?

A
  • no nucleus
  • no mitochondria
  • no organelles
24
Q

Where are dead red blood cells broken down?

A

Spleen and liver

25
Q

Where is iron from haemoglobin stored?

A

Liver

26
Q

What can rest of red blood cell + haemoglobin be converted to?

A

Bile pigments like biliverdin and bilirubin

27
Q

Role of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen

28
Q

Human transport not containing red blood cells =?

A

Lymph

29
Q

Where are platelets made and from what?

A

Bone marrow from large cells

30
Q

Platelets or red blood cells larger/smaller?

A

Platelets are smaller

31
Q

Role of platelets?

A

Clot the blood

32
Q

When do clots result?

A

When damaged body cells produce chemicals that stimulate platelets to form a clot?

33
Q

Functions of blood clotting?

A

Reduce loss of blood,
Prevent entry of micro-organisms

34
Q

4 blood groups/categories?

A

A,
B,
AB,
O

35
Q

3 things blood transport?

A
  • Transport of food, waste products and hormones (plasma)
  • Transport of heat from internal organs (plasma) helping maintain constant body temp.
  • Transport of oxygen by haemoglobin
36
Q

3 ways blood defend?

A
  • WBC: engulf + digest bacteria
  • WBC: produce antibodies to destroy ‘foreign bodies’ like viruses/bacteria
  • Platelets: clotting blood, prevents blood loss + entry of disease-causing organisms
37
Q

Shape of red blood cell?

A

Biconcave shape

38
Q

What does shape of red blood cell help with?

A

Give larger surface area, over which they can exchange oxygen

39
Q

Colour of haemoglobin?

A

Purple

40
Q

Colour of oxyhaemoglobin?

A

Bright red

41
Q

2 types of white blood cells?

A

Lymphocytes,
Monocytes

42
Q

Where are lymphocytes and monocytes made/formed?

A

Bone marrow

43
Q

How long do lymphocytes live?

A

3 months-10 years

44
Q

How long do monocytes live?

A

6-9 days

45
Q

Comment on nucleus of lymphocytes?

A

Large, round

46
Q

Comment on nuclei of monocytes?

A

Kidney-shaped

47
Q

Comment on cytoplasm of lymphocytes?

A

Very little

48
Q

Function of lymphocytes?

A

Make antibodies, helping body rest infection by micro-organisms

49
Q

Function of monocytes?

A

Go around body and digest bacteria + other particles

Sam - Biology (23 decks)

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