🟒 Biopsychology - Ways of Studying the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are invasive methods of studying the brain

A

A procedure where the body is β€œinvaded” or entered by a needle, tube, device or scope

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2
Q

1 invasive method

A

Post mortem study

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3
Q

What is a post mortem examination

A

An examination of a corpse in order to determine the cause of dearh

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4
Q

How did post mortem studies help study the brain

A

Brain was examined to try and correlate structural abnormalities / damage to behaviour

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5
Q

1positives of post mortem studies in studying the brain

A
  • level of detail, deeper region of brain investigated
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6
Q

2 issues of post mortem studies in ways to study the brain

A
  • cause and effect, damage could have been caused by another incident
  • lack of rights (ethical)
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7
Q

Example of a post mortem study

A

Paul Broca

β€˜Tan’ inability to say any other word. 1861, through post mortem examination, Broca discovered that Tan had a lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere caused by syphilis. Area became known as Broca’ area

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8
Q

3 non invasive methods

A

EEG - electroencephalogram
ERPs - Event-Related potentials
FMRI - functional magnetic resonance imaging

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9
Q

What is a non invasive methods

A

One where there is no break in the skin or any invasion of healthy tissue

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10
Q

What is an FMRI

A

3D scans using magnetic and radio waves. They measure brain activity tracking blood flow and measuring the change in energy released by haemoglobin reflecting activity of the brain.

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11
Q

Process of an FMRI

A

the person lies in a large cylinder magnet and radio waves are then sent through the body, affecting the body’s atoms. Moving picture of the brain produced

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12
Q

2 positives of a FMRI

A

Captures dynamic brain activity as opposed to MRI / post mortem which only show physiology of brain.

Good spatial resolution 1-2mm

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13
Q

2 negatives of FMRI

A
  • expensive

Interpretation difficult and affected by temporal resolution due to 5 second delay

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14
Q

What is an EEG

A

Non invasive measurement of electrical activity in the brain

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15
Q

Process of an EEG

A

. When the brain cells send messages to each other they produce tiny electrical signals. In an EEG, electrodes are placed onto the scalp using a sticky substance. These electrodes pick up the electrical signals/neuronal activity from
the brain and send them to an EEG machine, which will record the
signals on a computer screen which clinicians then monitor.

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