🔵 Approaches - The Humanistic Approach Flashcards
Humanistic psychology approach
An approach to understand behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each person’s capacity for self-determination
Free will
The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by biological or external forces
Self actualisation
The desire to grow psychologically and fulfil one’s full potential - becoming what your capable of
Hierarchy of needs
5 levelled hierarchy in which basic needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs
Congruence
When the real self and ideal self aline
Conditions of worth
When a parent places limits or boundaries on their love of their children. “I will only love you if…”
Order of hierarchy of needs
1 - self actualisation
2 - self esteem
3 - love and belongingness
4 - safety and security
5 - psychological needs
What are all other approaches considered as so far
Deterministic - behaviour is shaped by forces which we have no control over
Views on free
Humanistic psychology claims that human beings are essentially self - determining and have free will
What are humans described as
Active agents who have the ability to determine our own development
What does the humanistic approach reject
They reject scientific models that attempt to establish general principles of human behaviour. Believes behaviour is subjective rather than general laws
What must be achieved before self actualisation
All four lower levels of the hierarchy must be met before the individual can work towards self- actualisation and fulfill their potential
What does every person have an innate tendancy to do
To achieve their full potential
What do human pyschologists regard personal growth as
Essential part of what it is to be human. Associated with developing and changing ad a person to become fulfilled, satisfied and goal-orientated
What do we need for personal growth to be achieved
An indivual’s concept of real self must have congruence with with their ideal self
Incongruence
If the gap between your real self and your ideal self is too big and do not alone, this leads to incongruence
What does incongruence cause
Negative feelings of self worths
Who developed client centred therapy
Carl Roger’s
Why was client centred therapy created
To reduce the gap between real self and ideal self and help people cope the problems of every day living
What does Roger’s explain many of the issues we experience as adults on
The worthless and low self esteem is claimed to come from their roots in childhood and can be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard
What does Roger’s explain many of the issues we experience as adults on
The worthless and low self esteem is claimed to come from their roots in childhood and can be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard
What do conditions of worth cause
Conditions of worth (parent who sets boundaries or limits on their love for their child) can cause psychological problems for that child in the future
What did Roger’s see as one of his roles as an effective therapist
To be able to provide his clients with the unconditional positive regard that they failed to receive as children
How has the humanistic approach been helpful for us today
- client centred therapy has revolutionised counselling techniques
- hierarchy of needs has been used to explain motivation particularly in the work place
How has client centred therapy revolutionised therapy
Important form of Morden day psychotherapy. Refers to them as clients rather than patients and saw them as an expert on their own condition
For Roger’s, what 3 things should every therapists provide
Genuineness
Empathy
Unconditional positive regard
Aim of cc therapy
Increase person’s feelings of self worth, reduce levels of incongruence and help be full functioning person
Positives of approach
- promotes positive image of the human condition
- fifers a refreshing and optimistic alternative
- sees all people as basically good, free to work towards the achievement f their potential and in control of their lives
