🟡 Attachment - Stages of Attachment Flashcards
Acronym for states
All infants say mum
4 stages of attachment and time period
- asocial stage (0-6 weeks)
- indiscriminate attachments (6 weeks - 7 months)
- specific attachment (7 months +)
- multiple attachments (10/11 months +)
Asocial stage
- infants produce similar responses to objects and people
- preference for faces/ eyes
- very young infants are asocial in that many kinds of stimulus produce favourable reaction
Indiscriminate attachments
- enjoy human company
- respond equally to any caregiver
- get upset when an individual ceases to interact with the,
- infants smile more at familiar faces from 3 months
Specific attachments
- infants show a preference for one caregiver
- infant looms to particular people for security, comfort and protection
- fear of strangers
- unhappiness when separated from a special person
Multiple attachments
- infants become increasingly independent and forms several attachments
- attachments more likely to form with those who respond accurately to the infants signals not who spent more time with them
Positives
Good ecological validity
Longitudinal design = a research study where a sample of the population is studied at intervals to examine the effects of developmen
Negatives
Limited sample characteristics
Problem studying the asocial stage
Conflicting evidence on multiple attachments
If a baby gets distressed when someone leaves a room, doesn’t mean true attachment figure
Evidence of conflicting
Bowbly 1969
Van ijendoorn et al 1993
Bowlby
1969: stated a primary attachment must be formed before a baby can form multiple
Van ijzendoorn
1993, found some babies develop multiple attachments from the outset. Culture-some cultures raise children collectively
Schaffer and Emerson 1964
- 25/32 weeks old, 50% had separation anxiety
- 40 weeks old, 80% had specific attachment 30% had multiple attachments
- 18 months old, 75% had attachment to father and shown separation anxiety between both parents
