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NURS 106 > Axial Musculature > Flashcards

Axial Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

What is a broad aponeurosis in some muscles?

A

A wide layer of tendons.

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2
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement toward the midline of the body

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3
Q

Describe abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

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4
Q

Describe inversion

A

Foot turning inward

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5
Q

Describe eversion

A

Foot turning outward

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6
Q

What is the function of the biceps brachii?

A

Flexes elbow and supinates forearm.

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7
Q

What region of the body does ancon refer to?

A

Elbow

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8
Q

What region of the body does the auricular refer to?

A

Ear

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9
Q

What region of the body does the brachial refer to?

A

Arm

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10
Q

What region of the body does the capitis refer to?

A

Head

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11
Q

What region of the body does the cervicis refer to?

A

Neck

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12
Q

What region of the body does the hallux refer to?

A

Big toe

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13
Q

What is the ilium?

A

Hip bone

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14
Q

What region of the body does the inguinal refer to?

A

Groin

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15
Q

What region of the body does the nasalis refer to?

A

nose

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16
Q

What region of the body does the nuchal refer to?

A

Back of neck

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17
Q

What region of the body does the palpebra refer to?

A

Eyelid

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18
Q

What region of the body does the popiteal refer to?

A

Back of knee

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19
Q

Psoas

A

loin or lumbar

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20
Q

Radial

A

forearm

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21
Q

Intrinsic

A

within the structure

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22
Q

Rectus

A

straight

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23
Q

Transverse

A

in a crosswise direction

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24
Q

Pectinate

A

comblike

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25
Q

Piriformis

A

pear-shaped

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26
Q

Platysma

A

flat plate

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27
Q

Rhomboid

A

parallelogram

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28
Q

Serratus

A

saw-shaped, toothed on the edge

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29
Q

Teres

A

long and round

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30
Q

Splenius

A

bandage

31
Q

Alba

A

white

32
Q

Brevis

A

short

33
Q

Gracillis

A

slender

34
Q

Latae

A

wide

35
Q

Vastus

A

great

36
Q

What is the mastoid process and where is it found on the body?

A

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

37
Q

Pollux

A

thumb

38
Q

Zygomaticus

A

smiling muscle

39
Q

7 Extraocular Muscles of Eye

A

levator paperbrae superioris, superior medial, inferior and lateral rectus, inferior and superior oblique

40
Q

A cerebrovascular accident is also known as a:

A

stroke.

41
Q

What is facial palsy (Bell’s palsy) and what is it caused by?

A

Half the face droops, caused by CN VII facial nerve.

42
Q

What is Adbucens Nerve Palsy and what is it caused by?

A

Eye paralysis caused by lateral rectus (CN VI facial nerve).

43
Q

What are synergistic muscles?

A

Muscles that work together to perform a common function.

44
Q

What is a prime-mover muscle?

A

Muscle with the major responsibility for a certain movement

45
Q

What are antagonistic muscles and what is an example of a pair?

A

Muscles that oppose each others’ actions (ex: biceps & triceps).

46
Q

The masseter is a muscle of ___________ that is synergistic with the __________.

A

mastication, temporalis.

47
Q

The temporalis is a muscle of ___________ that is synergistic with the ________.

A

mastication, massetor.

48
Q

What is the function of the masseter & temporalis?

A

Elevates mandible & closes jaw.

49
Q

What is the function of the orbicularis oculi?

A

Closing the eye.

50
Q

What is the origin & insertion for the external intercostals?

A

Origin: inferior border of superior rib.
Insertion: superior border of inferior rib.

51
Q

What do the internal intercostals do?

A

Depress ribs during FORCED exhalation.

52
Q

What do the external intercostals do?

A

Elevate ribs during inspiration.

53
Q

What are the functions of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

Used in forceful inspiration to elevate sternum

54
Q

What is the transversus abdominis, where is it and what is its function?

A

The deepest abdominal muscle; inferior to the external and internal oblique; compresses abdomen.

55
Q

What is the function of the diaphragm and what 3 structures pass through it?

A

Contraction increases vertical diameter of the thoracic cavity for inspiration; vena cava, aorta and esophagus passing through.

56
Q

Why is expiration considered passive?

A

Only involves elastic recoil of the lung tissue and thoracic wall – there’s no muscles actively contracting.

57
Q

What are the accessory muscles involved in forced respiration?

A

Sternocleidomastoid and pectoralis minor.

58
Q

What is the function of pectoralis minor in forced respiration?

A

Elevates ribs 3-5.

59
Q

What are the functions of the abdominal muscles?

A

Move ribs inferiorly, compresses viscera and moves diaphragm superiorly

60
Q

What are the borders of the perineum?

A

Anterior: symphysis pubis.
Posterior: coccyx.
Lateral: ischial tuberosities.

61
Q

The urogenital triangles includes the:

A

external genitals.

62
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the urogenital triangle?

A

Bulbospongiosus, inschiocanernus and perineal muscles.

63
Q

What are the deep muscles of the urogenital triangle?

A

External urethra and sphincter

64
Q

What are the muscles of quiet inhalation?

A

Diaphragm, external intercostals & scalenes.

65
Q

What are the muscles of the anal triangle?

A

Coccygeus, levator ani, iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, external anal sphincter.

66
Q

What is the function of the orbicularis oris?

A

Closing the mouth.

67
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

Suction & moving food across the teeth.

68
Q

What is the origin & insertion of the internal intercostals?

A

Origin: superior border of the inferior rib.
Insertion: inferior border of the superior rib.

69
Q

What is the function of the scalenes?

A

Raising the sternum & clavicle.

70
Q

The pelvic floor is divided into _ triangles and is separated by the:

A

2; superficial transverse perineal muscle.

71
Q

What are the 2 triangles of the pelvic floor called and where are they located relative to each other?

A

Urogenital triangle (anterior) & anal triangle (posterior).

72
Q

What are the muscles of forced exhalation?

A

Internal intercostals & abdominal muscles.

73
Q

What are the 3 main functions of the pelvic floor and its associated muscles?

A
  1. Support organs of the pelvic cavity.
  2. Flex joints of the sacrum & coccyx.
  3. Control movement of materials through urethra & anus.

NURS 106 (22 decks)

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