Appendicular Musculature Flashcards
What is the function of pectoralis minor?
Protracts and depresses scapula
What is the function of the serratus anterior?
Protracts scapula & swings shoulder anteriorly.
What is the function of the rhomboids?
Retract scapula.
What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi?
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward.
What are the functions of the pectoralis major?
Shoulder flexion, adduction and horizontal adduction.
What are the functions of the deltoid?
Rotating and abducting the shoulder and humerus (think freestyle swimming).
What are the 6 scapulohumeral muscles and what are their functions?
Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis.
Protecting and stabilizing the shoulder joint.
What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff and what is their function?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.
Reinforcing the glenohumeral joint.
Which muscles originate on the scapula?
Deltoid, teres major, carabronichialic, rotator cuff (4 muscles).
Muscles that flex the forearm are located __________ and include:
anteriorly; biceps brachii, brachialis (deep) & brachioradialis (also for supination).
The muscle that extends the forearm is located ___________ and is called the:
posteriorly; triceps brachii.
Elbow Flexors
biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
Elbow Extensors
triceps brachii
Elbow Pronators
pronator teres, pronator quadratus
Elbow Supinators
supinator, biceps brachii
Gluteal Group
gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
Sciatic Nerve
nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot
Lateral Rotator Group
piriformis, obruator internus and externus
Pelvic Adductors
adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis, pectineus and brevis
Iliopsoas
psoas major and iliacus, with the ingunial ligament for lateral movement and extension
Sartorius
flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee
Gracilis
mainly controls hip joint movement
Gluteus and Iliacus Muscles
antagonistic muscles
Knee/Hamstring Flexors
biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and supporting muscles, sartorius, popliteus, also extends the hip joint
Knee/Quadriceps Extensors
rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, while also flexing the hip joint
Ankle Flexors
tibialis anterior for dorsi flexion
Ankle Extensors
tibialis posterior, fibularis brevis, gastrocnemius and soleus, working together as synergisitc muscles
Hallucis
big toe
Digital Flexors
flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
Plantar Flexors
tibialis posterior, fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
Digital Extensors
extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
Muscles of the lower limb are ____ & ____ powerful than the upper limb
larger, more
What are the 4 muscle groups of the thigh?
- Gluteal
- Lateral rotator
- Adductor
- Iliopsoas
What is the function of the iliopsoas group?
Hip joint movement
What is the function of the gluteal group?
Abduction and medial rotation
What is the function of the lateral rotator group?
Rotation of the femur in the hip joint
What is the function of the adductor group?
Adducting the femur in the hip joint
The trapezius consists of 3 types of fibres:
upper, middle and lower fibres.
What is the function of the levator scapulae?
Elevates the scapula (like shrugging motion).
What are the 2 prime movers of the arm?
Pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi.
What are the 5 flexors of the leg?
- Biceps femoris
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Sartorius
- Popliteus
What are the 4 extensors of the leg?
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus intermedius
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
What are the 4 extensors of the leg?
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus intermedius
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
What are the 3 muscles that move the foot?
- Tibialis anterior
- Tibialis posterior
- Gastrocnemius
