attachment booklet 4 Flashcards
what is deprivation
refers to the loss of emotional care normally provided by the primary caregiver that results in the breaking of emotional bonds. A child denied emotional care for a period of time
what is maternal deprivation
refers to the emotional and intellectual consequences of separation between a child and his or her mother/mother substitute
why will the child develop a poor internal working model
if an infant is unable to develop a warm, intimate and continuous relationship with their mother the child will have difficulty forming relationships with other people and will develop a poor internal working model
why will the child experience delayed intellectual development
if the child experiences repeated separation in the first 2 1/2 years they are likely to become permenantly emotionally or intellectually disturbed which is irreversible. They may have low IQ
what could deprivation result in
affectionless psychopathy
what was Bowlbys aim
we wanted to establish a cause and effect relationship between maternal deprivation and emotional maladjustment
what was bowlbys procedure
-opportunity sample of 88 children
-44 were caught stealing 44 were a control group because of emotional problems
what were the findings of bowlybs theives
32% were affectionless psychopaths of which 86% had experienced maternal depriavtion
68% were not affectionless psychopaths of which 17% experienced maternal deprivation
what were the findings of bowlybs controls
no affectionless psycopaths
what is affectionless psychopathy
a lack of emotional development characteristed by a lack of concern for others, lack of guilt, an inability to form meaningful and lasting relationships
what was some of Bowlys conclusions
he concluded that maternal deprivation in the childs early life caused permenant emotional damage and diagnosed this as affectionless psychopathy
he claimed once the attachment bond was broken the negative effects of it could not be reversed
what did Bowlby diagnose affectionless psychopathy as
lack of emotional development
charcaterised by a lack of guilt and inability to form meaningful and lasting friendships with others
what is some criticisms of supporting evidence
information about early separation was collected by the participants relying on there accuracy of recall/honesty. This means the data may lack validity questioning the credibility of the theory
rutter argues that Bowlby confused caused and effect with association. The fact that early separation and later maljustment are linked doesn’t mean meaan one causes the other. There could be a third underlying variable eg-poor living
what is some opposing evidence
Lewis replicated the juveniles theives study with a larger sample of children and found that early deprivation caused by prolonged separation from the primary caregiver did noy predict a greater likelyhood of criminal behaviour in the youths. This casts doubt on Bowlbys theory as it suggests there are other factors may be involved
what did Rutter point out the difference was between privation and deprivation
deprivation-losing an attachment
privation-never forming an attachment
what did Rutter point out about Bowlby
Rutter pointed out that severe long term damage Bowlby associated with deprivation is more likely to be the result of privation. The 44 theives may have never formed strong attatchments to begin with
what are some positives contributions of Bowlbys theory
-Bowlbys theory had a massive impact on post war child-rearing practices before bolwbys theory children and parents were seperated and dicouraged/forbidden from visiting
-bowlbys theory led to major social change in the way children were cared for
what are some negative consequences of Bowlys theory
-Bowlbys theory suggest temporary separation between child and caregiver has damaging effects this led to many working mothers feeling guilty about leaving there child
