Animal welfare

Question 1

Animal welfare

Answer 1

Refers to the the physical and mental wellbeing of animals

Question 2

Main indicators of animal welfare

Answer 2

Behavioural, physiology, longevity and reproduction

Question 3

Five freedoms for animal welfare

Answer 3

Freedom from thirst and hunger
Freedom from discomfort 
Freedom from pain, injury and disease
Freedom to behave normally 
Freedom from fear and distress

Question 4

Freedom from thirst and hunger

Answer 4

By constant access to fresh water and diet to maintain health and vigour

Question 5

Freedom from discomfort

Answer 5

By providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area

Question 6

Freedom from pain, injury and disease

Answer 6

By application of preventative measures pr rapid diagnosis and treatment if a problem arises

Question 7

Freedom to behave normally

Answer 7

By providing sufficient space and company of the animals own kind.

Question 8

Freedom from fear and distress

Answer 8

By ensuring the animal does not differ unnecessary pain or distress

Question 9

Intensive farming

Answer 9

Intensive farming is a cost effective way to
help ensure food security for the growing
human population. Often costs are low,
generating higher profits. However it is less
ethical than free range farming due to
poorer animal welfare.

Question 10

Free range farming

Answer 10

Providing domesticated animals with the 5 freedoms

Question 11

Free range farming positives

Answer 11

Consumers willing to pay higher price, for better quality produce along with the knowledge that the animal lived a happy l and healthy life

Question 12

Free range farming negatives

Answer 12

It’s more labour intensive, and requires more financial input

Question 13

Indicators of poor welfare

Answer 13

Stereotypy, misdirected behaviour, failure in sexual or parental behaviour and altered levels of activity

Question 14

Stereotypy

Answer 14

a behavior pattern that takes the

form of a repetitive movement that lacks variation

Question 15

2 examples of stereotypy

Answer 15

Pacing type - constant walking of a circuit or back and forth
Oral type - obsessive object licking and tongue rolling (common in grazing animals)

Question 16

Other types of stereotypy

Answer 16

rocking backwards and forwards or side to side, head shaking and rubbing against an object

Question 17

When is stereotypy displayed

Answer 17

When animals are housed in bare or confined conditions

Question 18

How is stereotypy reduced

Answer 18

when the environment is enriched with more activities or areas

Question 19

Misdirected behaviour

Answer 19

Misdirected behavior is when an animal acts
inappropriately to itself, another animal or its surroundings. The behavior will be normal but is displayed in an inappropriate/different situation.
May be towards other animals as well
Furthermore could be excessive use of an action

Question 20

How is misdirected behaviour reduced

Answer 20

Enriching the environment

Question 21

Failure in sexual or parental behaviour

Answer 21

Poor living conditions and periods of isolation can lead to animals failing to reproduce properly. The natural pattern of sexual behaviour either in terms of partners, timing or action does not happen.

Question 22

How is reproductive failure/parental failure reduced

Answer 22

Increasing social contact of the animals

Question 23

Levels of activity

Answer 23

If an animal displays an altered
level of activity e.g.
• Very high activity levels (hysteria or hyper- aggression)
• Very low activity levels (apathy or excessive sleeping)
these may be indicators of poor welfare