Anatomy summary Flashcards
what are the muscles in the superficial compartment of the gluteal region
gluteus maximus, medius and minimus and the tensor fascia latae
what is the role and innervation of the muscles in the superficial compartment of the gluteal region
o Extensors, abductors and medial rotators of the thigh
o Innervated by superior gluteal except glut max – inferior gluteal
what is tredenelenberg gait
abductor weakness due to superior gluteal nerve injury (glut med and min)
deep gluteal muscles
piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli, quadratus femoris
deep gluteal function and innervation
o Lateral rotators of the thigh and hip stabilisers
o Innervated by sacral plexus
how do nerves enter the gluteal region
via greater (pelvis) and lesser (perineum) sciatic foramen- formed by the sacrotuberous and sacropinous ligaments
path of the sciatic nerve
greater sciatic foramen, exits inferior to piriformis
most lateral structure exiting the sciatic foramen
passes down into the posterior thigh
separates in distal thigh into tibial and common fibular
what does the sciatic nerve supply
posterior thigh, all leg and foot muscle and most of the skin via tibial and common fibular branches
what is the pudenal nerve
S2-4
principle nerve to the perineum
what does the posterior cutaneous nerve supply
skin over the posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, lateral pernieum and upper medial thigh
what in the gluteal region does the sciatic nerve supply
nothing
what is the blood supply to the sciatic nerve
artery to sciatic nerve
what are the boundaries, floor and roof of the femoral triangle
superior – inguinal ligament
medially – lateral border of adductor longus
laterally – medial border of sartorius
floor – iliopsoas and pectineus
roof – deep fascia (fascia lata)
what are the components of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial
NAVY
femoral nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics
muscles and role of the anterior compartment of thigh
flexors of thigh
pectineus, iliopsoas, sartorius
extensors of leg
quadriceps femoris
innervation of ant thigh
femoral nerve (L2,3,4) expect psoas major (L1,2,3)
actions and muscle of medial thigh
adductors of thigh: adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, obturator externus
innervation of medial thigh
all obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
except hamstring part of adductor magnus (tibial nerve)
muscles and actions of post thigh
extensors of thigh & flexors of leg
semitendinosus, semimembranosus & biceps femoris
innervation of post thigh
all tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
except short head biceps femoris =common fibular division of sciatic
muscles and action of ant led
dorsiflexors of ankle & extensors of toes: tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius
innervation of ant leg
all deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
muscles and actions of lat leg
evert foot and weekly plantar flex ankle:
fibularis longus, fibularis brevis
innervation of lat leg
superficial fibular nerve (L5, S2, S2)