Anatomy- Hip joint and Posterior thigh Flashcards
what do muscles in the posterior compartment do
extensors of the thigh and flexors of the leg
what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris
what nerve innervates the posterior compartment muscles
all tibial division of sciatic (L5, S1, S2) nerve except the short head of the biceps femoralis which is the common fibular division of sciatic
where does the sciatic nerve divide and into what
divides into the tibial nerve and common fibular nerve anywhere between gluteal region and the popliteal region (often inferior 1/3rd of thigh)
where do the hamstring muscles proximally attach
ischial tuberosity
EXCEPT
short head of biceps femoris; linea aspera of the femur
what do the tendons of the hamstrings do
bind the popliteal fossa superomeidally and superolaterally- can be plapated
biceps femoris= fibula
semi ten and mem= tibia
where does the biceps femoris distally attach
lateral aspect of the head of the fibula
what three reasons mean the short head of the biceps femoris cannot be considered a true hamstring
attaches proximally to the linea aspera of the femur
doesnt cross the hip joint and contribute to hip movement
supplied by the common fibular branch of the sciatic nerve
where do the semi- hamstrings attach distally
proximal tibia
why is the semitendinosus named that
as it has a longer tendon that other muscles
T- for on top of semimembranosus
why is the semimembranosus named that
has a shiny membranous appreance
M- for medial
what is the proper name for the hip joint
acetabulo-fermoal hip joint
what type of joint is the hip
ball (head of femur) and socket (acetabulum of hip)
why is the hip described as multiaxial
can do; flexion and extension abduction and adduction medial and lateral rotation circumduction
describe 3 features of the SYNOVIAL hip joint
within strong joint capsules
external fibrous layer
internal membranous layer
what forms the ligaments of the hip joint
thick part of fibrous later of joint capsule
what is the shape of the hip ligament
spiral, condenses joint makes it more stable
what does the iliofemoral ligament go between
ilium (ASIS) and femur
what does the pubofemoral ligament go between
superior pubic rami and the intertrochanteric line of the femur
(obturator crest and superior ramus of the pubis to the deep surface of the iliofemoral ligament)
what does the ischiofemoral ligament go between
posteriorinferior ischium to intertrochanteric line of femur
what do the hip ligaments do
strengthen joint capsule
what is the blood supply to the hip joint
medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
where do the circumflex femoral arteries come from
deep femoral artery
what do the circumflex arteries give off
retinacular arteries
what is the artery to the head of femur =
branch of obturator
what does the acetabular labrum do
increases the depth of the acetabulum
what ligament is ruptured during hip dislocation
ligament of the head of the femur (attaches femur to depth of acetabulum)
what artery runs within the ligament of the head of the femur
the artery to the head of the femur (is obliterated in adulthood)
