Anatomy- Hip joint and Posterior thigh

Question 1

what do muscles in the posterior compartment do

Answer 1

extensors of the thigh and flexors of the leg

Question 2

what muscles are in the posterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 2

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris

Question 3

what nerve innervates the posterior compartment muscles

Answer 3

all tibial division of sciatic (L5, S1, S2) nerve except the short head of the biceps femoralis which is the common fibular division of sciatic

Question 4

where does the sciatic nerve divide and into what

Answer 4

divides into the tibial nerve and common fibular nerve anywhere between gluteal region and the popliteal region (often inferior 1/3rd of thigh)

Question 5

where do the hamstring muscles proximally attach

Answer 5

ischial tuberosity
EXCEPT
short head of biceps femoris; linea aspera of the femur

Question 6

what do the tendons of the hamstrings do

Answer 6

bind the popliteal fossa superomeidally and superolaterally- can be plapated
biceps femoris= fibula
semi ten and mem= tibia

Question 7

where does the biceps femoris distally attach

Answer 7

lateral aspect of the head of the fibula

Question 8

what three reasons mean the short head of the biceps femoris cannot be considered a true hamstring

Answer 8

attaches proximally to the linea aspera of the femur

doesnt cross the hip joint and contribute to hip movement

supplied by the common fibular branch of the sciatic nerve

Question 9

where do the semi- hamstrings attach distally

Answer 9

proximal tibia

Question 10

why is the semitendinosus named that

Answer 10

as it has a longer tendon that other muscles

T- for on top of semimembranosus

Question 11

why is the semimembranosus named that

Answer 11

has a shiny membranous appreance

M- for medial

Question 12

what is the proper name for the hip joint

Answer 12

acetabulo-fermoal hip joint

Question 13

what type of joint is the hip

Answer 13

ball (head of femur) and socket (acetabulum of hip)

Question 14

why is the hip described as multiaxial

Answer 14

can do;
flexion and extension 
abduction and adduction 
medial and lateral rotation 
circumduction

Question 15

describe 3 features of the SYNOVIAL hip joint

Answer 15

within strong joint capsules

external fibrous layer

internal membranous layer

Question 16

what forms the ligaments of the hip joint

Answer 16

thick part of fibrous later of joint capsule

Question 17

what is the shape of the hip ligament

Answer 17

spiral, condenses joint makes it more stable

Question 18

what does the iliofemoral ligament go between

Answer 18

ilium (ASIS) and femur

Question 19

what does the pubofemoral ligament go between

Answer 19

superior pubic rami and the intertrochanteric line of the femur
(obturator crest and superior ramus of the pubis to the deep surface of the iliofemoral ligament)

Question 20

what does the ischiofemoral ligament go between

Answer 20

posteriorinferior ischium to intertrochanteric line of femur

Question 21

what do the hip ligaments do

Answer 21

strengthen joint capsule

Question 22

what is the blood supply to the hip joint

Answer 22

medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

Question 23

where do the circumflex femoral arteries come from

Answer 23

deep femoral artery

Question 24

what do the circumflex arteries give off

Answer 24

retinacular arteries

Question 25

what is the artery to the head of femur =

Answer 25

branch of obturator

Question 26

what does the acetabular labrum do

Answer 26

increases the depth of the acetabulum

Question 27

what ligament is ruptured during hip dislocation

Answer 27

ligament of the head of the femur (attaches femur to depth of acetabulum)

Question 28

what artery runs within the ligament of the head of the femur

Answer 28

the artery to the head of the femur (is obliterated in adulthood)