1. anatomy of the pelvis SDL

Question 1

what muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 1

• levator ani muscle
• coccygeus muscle
• external anal sphincter muscle
• perineal fascia

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

what are the skeletal borders of the pelvis

Answer 3

• sacrum
• ilium (2)
• pubis

Question 4

what are the boundaries of the pelvis

Answer 4

• pelvic inlet
• cavity walls: pelvis and obturator and gluteal mm + sacrotuberous ligament in dogs
• caudal boundary = perineum

Question 5

which species lacks a sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 5

cat

Question 6

where does the sacrosciatic ligament lie in the cow

Answer 6

lateral wall of the pelvis

Question 7

where does the sacrotuberous ligament lie in the dog

Answer 7

fibrous cord between the ischial tuberosity and the transverse process of the last sacral vertebrae

Question 8

where is the perineum

Answer 8

from tail to scrotal attachment/entire vulva
also caudal wall of trunk (pelvic diaphragm

Question 9

label and state the function of each

Answer 9

Question 10

what signs and symptoms would you expect to see in a perineal hernia

Answer 10

• swelling beside the rectum
• constipation
• straining to defecate

Question 11

how would you investigate and treat a perineal hernia

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

A: right kidney
B: renal aorta from abdominal aorta or renal vein
Ai: right ureter leading to bladder
yellow arrows pointing to renal vessels, ovarian vein, ureters and urinary bladder (top to bottom)

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

blood supply to the female genital organs is provided by which 4 paired arteries

Answer 14

• ovarian artery
• uterine artery (branch of vaginal artery in bitch and queen)
• vaginal artery
• internal pudendal artery

Question 15

in the male, the urethra, accessory genital glands and the penis are all supplied by which artery

Answer 15

dorsal penile arteries which are branches of the internal pudendal artery

Question 16

the testicles are supplied by which artery

Answer 16

testicular artery which is a branch of abdominal aorta

Question 17

the obturator nerve is responsible for what function

Answer 17

adduction of hindlimb

Question 18

the femoral nerve is responsible for which functions

Answer 18

motor and sensory processing in the lower limbs

Question 19

the pelvic splanchnic nerve are responsible for which functions

Answer 19

• parasympathetic general visceral efferent system to pelvic viscera and
• general visceral afferent system from pelvic viscera

Question 20

what function is the pudendal nerve responsible for

Answer 20

The pudendal nerve isthe main nerve of the perineum. It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum, as well as the motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the male or female external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.