Aileen CCHFV Flashcards
What is enzootic?
(of a disease) regularly affecting animals in a particular district or at a particular season.
What is a serotype?
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. These microorganisms, viruses, or cells are classified together based on their surface antigens, allowing the epidemiologic classification of organisms to the subspecies level.
What is a clad?
a group of organisms believed to comprise all the evolutionary descendants of a common ancestor.
What is a febrile illness?
Acute fever (or ‘acute febrile syndrome’, a rapid onset of fever and symptoms such as headache, chills or muscle and joint pains) is common in the tropics and sub-tropics.
What type of zoonoses is CCHFV?
Enzootic; WHO (2018) top 10 high priority emerging infectcious diseases
What Family, Genus, and species does CCHFV belong?
Family: Nairoviridae
Genus: Orthonairovirus
Species: CCHFV
What serovars and clads does CCHFV have?
7 serogroups ((i) CCHF, ii) Nairobi Sheep Disease (NSD), iii) Dera Ghazi Khan, iv) Hughes, v) Qalyub, vi) Sakhalin and vii) Thiafora): six clades based on M segment divergence
What is the morphology of CCHFV?
3: RNA Segments/ S (nucleocapsid protein) ,M (Gn and Gc glycoproteins, NSm nonstructural proteins found on the surface, non-structural glycoproteins GP85, GP160, and GP38, Mucin-like domain), & L (RNA-dependent RNA polymease: lack of proof reading high mutation rate, but less in athropod viruses as they need to continue to be mainttained int he arthropod). Each of the three genome segments contains a single open reading frame (ORF) flanked by noncoding regions. Great Genetic diversity
What is the fatality of CCHFV?
30% (5-60%)
What is the life cycle of CCHFV?
Tick –> vertabrate –> tick
What is the infection route of CCHFV?
1: Gn&Gc glycoprotein binds to the αvβ3 receptor 2. Receptor mediated endocytosis 3: Envelope endosome fusion and release of the viral contents 4. nucleocapsids dissociate from the RNA and replication can begin 5. Glycoprotein is tranlated at the ribosome of the ER, then vesicly transported to the Golgi where it is modified and transformed and finally insertd into the viral membrane 6. The proteins are translated at the ribosomes of the cytosol and the packeged in the virus 7. The RNA is transcribed into cRNA then VRNA and then packaged into the virus 8. The virus is then endocytosed out the cell
CCHFV: made it in the top ten highest priority of emerging infectious diseases. Says who and when?
WHO (2018)
What is the history of CCHFV?
German Celtics: Found in archeological blood samples
1100: Tajikistan: Crimean war, Florence nightinggale had it
1944: Called Crimean hemorrhagic fever
1956: Congo
1967: Arthropd related death in russia.
1973: CCHFV recognised internaltionally as name
2002: Established as endemic in Turkey
What is the Geographical location of CCHFV?
Middle East: Turkey and Crimea Europe: hungary, France, and portugal 50ᵒN heighest point for ticks Globally: except antartica
What environment do you findthe ticks for CCHFV?
Grass and forests
