Adrenal Gland Flashcards
What are examples of endogenous glucocroticoids?
Cortisol
Cortisone
What is an example of an endogenously produced mineralocorticoid?
Aldosterone
Canine hyperadrenocorticism can be in three different forms:
Pituitary dependent
Adrenal dependent
Iatrogenic
What is the cause of pituitary dependent hyperadreoncorticism?
Autonomous secretion of ACTH from a pituitary tumor
What is the cause of adrenal dependent hyperadrenocorticism?
Autonomous secretion of cortisol from adrenal tumor
Which is more common: Pituitary dependent or adrenal dependet?
Pituitary dependent
What can cause iatrohenic hyperadrenocorticism?
Chronic steroid administration
What are some clinical signs you will see with hyperadrenocorticism?
PU/PD Polyphagia and panting Organomegaly Pot belly Generalized muscle atrophy
What are some lab abnormalaties associated with hyperadrenocorticism?
Increased ALP
Isosthenuria
What are screening tests for hyperadrenocorticism?
Baseline cortisol (POOR)
Urine cortisol:Creatinine ratio (GOOD)
ACTH Stimulation
Low dose deamethasone suppression test
T/F Baseline cortisol tests are very bad for diagnostics for HAC
TRUE
In an animal suffering from HAC, what would the UCCR be?
Elevated above reference interval
What response would you seen in a PD and AD-HAC dog with the ACTH stimulation test?
Post cortisol >22 ug/dL
What response would you see in an Iatrogenic HAC dog with the ACTH stimulation test?
No response/stimulation
What would the response be in an AD-HAC dog after the low dose dexamethasone test?
No suppression
What would be the response of a PD-HAC dog to low dose dexamethasone test?
No suppression OR partial suppression
What are some differentiating tests for HAC?
Endogenous ACTH
High dose dexamethasone suppression test
Imaging
What differences would you expect between PD-HAC and AD-HAC in the endogenous ACTH test?
AD-HAC: Decrease in ACTH
PD-HAC: WRI or increased ACTH
What differences would you expect between PD-HAC and AD-HAC in the HIGH dose dexmethasone suppression test?
AD-HAC: No suppression at 4 to 8 hours
PD-HAC: Suppression at 4 and possibly 8 hours
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction autonomously secretes what?
POMC
T/F Hirsutism alone positively predicts 90% of PPID cases
TRUE
What are some other clinical signs seen with PPID?
PU/PD, Muscle loss, increased adiposity, laminitis
What does PPID lead to the increase of?
ALpha/Beta MSH: winter effects
ACTH: Hyperadrenocorticism
Lipotropin:
When do you have to be careful performing diagnostic tests for PPID?
In the fall
