Actinobaculum Flashcards

1
Q

What is Actinobaculum suis?

A
  • Gram positive
  • non-spore forming
  • Rods
    • Diphtheroid (Club-shaped)
  • Cause UTI in sows
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3
Q

What are the Virulence Factors of Actinobaculum suis?

A
  • Urease
    • breaks Urea+Water down to CO2 + Ammonia
    • Increases urine pH
    • Irritates bladder mucosa
  • Pili
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4
Q

What are the Predisposing factors of Actinobaculum suis?

A
  • Normal inhavitant of the prepuce and vagina
    • Venereal trnsmission
  • Older sows most often affected
  • Predisposing factors:
    • infrequent urination
    • lack of exercise
    • reduced water availability
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5
Q

What are Urinary Tract Infections?

A
  • Acute or Chronic
  • Cystitis - Bladder inection
  • Pyelonephritis - Kidneys & ureter infection
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6
Q

What are the clinical signs of UTIs?

A
  • Anorexia
  • Pus/blood in urine with foul odor
  • Polyuria and polydipsia
  • Repeat breeders
  • High mortality
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7
Q

How are UTIs diagnosed?

A
  • Clinical signs
  • Urine pH (>7.0)
  • Bacterial isolation
    • Anaerobic, slow growth
  • PCR Assay
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8
Q

What is the treatment of UTIs?

A
  • Penicillin
  • Amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid
  • Tetracyclines
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