9.1 Flashcards
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, and are more simple
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, and are more complicated
Difference between bacteria cell, plant cell, and animal cell
Bacteria: Have 2 cell membranes, DNA is floating in cell, Does not have a Golgi, no mitochondria, prokaryote
Plant: Has a cell wall, has a nucleus, has chloroplasts, eukaryote
Animal: Has a cell membrane, has a mitochondria, has a nucleus, eukaryotic
What cell structures do most cells have?
Vesicles, Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoskeleton, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Endoplasmic Recticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes
What are their functions?
Vesicles: Carries materials and proteins around the cell.
Cell Membrane: Protects the cell and lets stuff in and out.
Nucleus: Stores the DNA.
Cytoskeleton: Gives the cell shape and structure.
Mitochondria: Makes energy.
Ribosomes: Translates mRNA.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: Smooth part makes lipids and hormones and the Rough part makes proteins.
Golgi Apparatus: Packages the proteins and tags the proteins with a Vesicle.
Lysosomes: Breaks down unneeded proteins and damages cell parts
What are the benefits for the prokaryote plan?
Prokaryotic is more simple, and reproduces faster.
What are the benefits for the eukaryote plan?
Eukaryote cells are more complex and have a nucleus, but are not as fast.
What does the Golgi do?
Packages and tags proteins
What does the Smooth ER do?
Makes lipids and hormones
What does the Rough ER do?
Makes proteins
What do the Vesicles do?
Deliver the proteins from the Golgi to other parts of the cell
Why would a cell have more Rough ER or more Smooth ER?
It may have more Rough ER if it needed more proteins, like a muscle cell. If may have more Smooth ER if it it needed more lipids or hormones, like a liver cell.
