10.2 Flashcards
Order of events in mitosis
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
What happens in prophase?
Chromosomes condense, Nuclear membrane breaks down, Spindle fibers begin to form
What happens in metaphase?
Spindle fibers from either end of the cell attach to each chromosome, Chromosomes line up individually along the metaphase plate
What happens in anaphase
Sister chromatids detach from each other and travel up the spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell
What happens in telophase?
Sister chromatids reach opposite ends of the cell, New nuclear membranes reform, Chromosomes decondense, Cytokinesis begins
What happens in cytokinesis?
Cell membrane is pinched to make two separate cells.
Definition of multipotent
It is already on a specific cell pathway. Found in different parts of body.
Definition of pluripotent/ embryonic
Can be grown into any type of cell. Not yet on a pathway
Definition of induced pluripotent stem cells
Pluripotent cells that have been changed to be embryonic cells.
What causes specialized cells to be different from each other?
Transcription factors
Compare the parent cell to the daughter cells after mitosis
They are identical to each other
Explain how all of your body cells have the same genetic code but different functions
Because of which transcription factors are realized. (different pieces can be cut out)
Explain the role of transcription factors in cell differentiation
That is why different cells are different
