89- Text Box Session 3

Question 1

As far as work practices are concerned,….

Answer 1

تا آنجا که به شیوه های کاری مربوط می شود

Question 2

as far as something is concerned

Answer 2

(also where something is concerned) spoken used to show which subject or thing you are talking about
As far as traffic is concerned there are no delays at the moment.

Question 3

Rush-hour

Answer 3

the time of day when the roads, buses, trains etc are most full, because people are travelling to or from work
I got caught in the morning rush hour.
heavy rush hour traffic

Question 4

Off-peak hours

Answer 4

1 off-peak hours or periods are times that are less busy because fewer people want to do or use something OPP peak
Telephone charges are lower during off-peak periods.
2 off-peak travel, electricity etc is cheaper because it is done or used at less busy times OPP peak

Question 5

When it comes to the number and capacity of roads, …

Answer 5

وقتی صحبت از تعداد و ظرفیت جاده ها می شود، …

when it comes to
idiom
—used to identify the specific topic that is being talked about
When it comes to playing chess, he’s the best I know.

Question 6

Accommodate more cars

Answer 6

ماشین های بیشتری را در خود جای دهید

Question 7

Most people
Most cars
Most something

Answer 7

Don’t say most of
Exception= most of the time

Question 8

Somethings are likely to happen

Answer 8

احتمالش هست که اتفاق بیفته

Question 9

Catch a bug/ virus
Pick up a bug

Answer 9

Get ill

Question 10

Building more … won’t keep cars off the road, .. accommodates more cars … –> pollution

Question 11

People are after/ want/ would like convenience, comfort, and privacy. (n)

Question 12

Private cars are convenient, comfortable and private.

Question 13

whereby

Answer 13

by which

(رسمی) که از آن طریق، (که) با آن، که به موجب آن، (که) به استناد آن، که بر آن اساس، که به‌وسیله‌ی آن،از طریق آن ، طبق آن

by means of which or according to which
a proposal whereby EU citizens would be allowed to reside anywhere in the EU

Question 14

People can carpool.

Answer 14

(به‌منظور کا‌هش تعداد اتومبیل‌های جاده‌ها) به نوبت سوار ماشین‌های یکدیگر شدن

car‧pool, car-pool /ˈkɑːpuːl $ ˈkɑːr-/ verb [intransitive] especially American English
if a group of people carpool, they travel together to work, school etc in one car and share the cost
—carpooling noun [uncountable]

Question 15

Accommodate more cars and causes more air pollution.

Answer 15

provide space for …

Question 16

I can mention city facilities

Question 17

get secure privacy

Question 18

go by subway

Question 19

in my own car

Question 20

during the peak time, the best choice is …

Question 21

Because of the capacity of the subway, most people …

Question 22

Financially speaking, it is more affordable for the general public.

Question 23

commute to work

Question 24

The number of accidents by plane is lower than those by car.

Question 25

the chance of having an accident

Question 26

in Tehran where the streets are not safe enough.

Question 27

Regarding the advantages, I can say …
Another advantage is …

Question 28

People cannot easily control their temper and fights/ arguments are likly to happen.

Question 29

Because PT is often crowded, and many people don’t care about their hygiene, you are more likely to catch/ pick up a bug.

Question 30

Another advantage is private cars have air conditioning, which is a blessing in the hot days of the summer.

Question 31

traffic congestion

Question 32

Traffic can be time-consuming. –> miss classes or appointments

Answer 32

ˈtime-conˌsuming ●○○ adjective
taking a long time to do
a complex and time-consuming process

Question 33

People are likely to get nervous in traffic and arguments and road rage can happen.

Answer 33

1 [countable, uncountable] a strong feeling of uncontrollable anger
Sobbing with rage, Carol was taken to the hospital.
in a rage
Sam became quite frightening when he was in a rage.
cry/scream/roar etc of rage
Just then, she heard Mr Evan’s bellow of rage.
red/dark/purple with rage
His face was red with rage.
trembling/shaking with rage
Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.
seething/incandescent with rage (=as angry as a person can possibly be)
Animal rights supporters were incandescent with rage.
Richens was 17 when he flew into a rage and stabbed another teenager.

Question 34

I have never faced traffic jams here. Traffic is very smooth, thanks to the gov policies.

Question 35

…. has a population of three million,

Question 36

City facilities are distributed all over the city, so you can go anywhere on foot.

Question 37

It is a burden on your budget,

Answer 37

1 [countable] something difficult or worrying that you are responsible for
His family responsibilities had started to become a burden.
burden of
The burden of taxation has risen considerably.
burden on
I don’t like being a burden on other people.
bear/carry the burden
If things go wrong he will bear the burden of guilt.
the tax/financial/debt burden
2 → the burden of proof
3 [countable] something that is carried SYN load
→ beast of burden
COLLOCATIONS
VERBS
bear/carry/shoulder the burden (=be responsible for something)
At the age of 16, Suzy bore the burden of providing for her family.
place/put a burden on somebody
This situation places the main burden of family care on women.
share the burden
I was glad my brother was there to share the burden.
ease/reduce/lighten the burden
Smaller classes would ease the burden for teachers.
shift the burden (=change who carries it)
The tax shifts the burden towards the rich.
a burden falls on somebody
The tax burden falls most heavily upon the poorest people.
lift the burden from somebody’s shoulders
If I deal with the all the practical problems, that will lift the burden from your shoulders.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + BURDEN
a heavy/great burden
Caring for elderly relatives can be a heavy burden.
a financial burden
the financial burden of a large mortgage
a tax burden
These changes will ease the tax burden for small businesses.
a debt burden
He made a serious attempt ease the country’s debt burden.
an intolerable burden (=very hard to bear)
Too many exams can place an intolerable burden on young people.
an unfair/undue burden
The new legislation put an unfair burden on employers.
PHRASES
the burden of responsibility
He felt unable to cope with the burden of responsibility.
the burden of taxation
The burden of taxation falls more heavily on the poor.

Question 38

Thanks to smart applications, you know when the train or bus arrives.

Question 39

People drive crazily

Question 40

In the rush hour, buses and trains are overcrowded.

Question 41

You can get robbed or pick-pocketed.

Question 42

demerit, disadvantage, problem, obstacle, burden, …

Question 43

It drove me up the wall when sb …
push/ honk the car horn

Question 44

The most important contributor to mental health is happiness.

Question 45

… noise can easily distract people.

Question 46

well-ventilated (n)
ventilation (n)
The better ventilated a room, the more you can concentrate.

Question 47

few= not enough, almost none

Question 48

Distractors negatively affect concentration.

Question 49

A suitable place to study is a room where there are comfortable chairs.