36- Sound I: & I Flashcards
Sheep
sheep /ʃiːp/
a farm animal that is kept for its wool and its meat
Sheep were grazing on the hillside.
a sheep farmer
flock of sheep (=a group of sheep)
→ lamb1
2 → like sheep
3 → make sheep’s eyes at somebody
Ship
ʃɪp/ ●●● S2 W2 noun [countable]
1 a large boat used for carrying people or goods across the sea
the ship’s captain
a luxury cruise ship
by ship
supplies that came by ship
2 a large spacecraft
Leak
leak1 /liːk/ ●●○ verb
1 [intransitive, transitive] if a container, pipe, roof etc leaks, or if it leaks gas, liquid etc, there is a small hole or crack in it that lets gas or liquid flow through
The roof is leaking.
A tanker is leaking oil off the coast of Scotland.
2 [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if a gas or liquid leaks somewhere, it gets through a hole in something SYN seep
leak into/from/out
Sea water was leaking into the batteries which powered the electric motors.
3 [transitive] to deliberately give secret information to a newspaper, television company etc
The report’s findings had been leaked.
leak something to somebody
civil servants who leak information to the press
Lick
1 TONGUE [transitive] to move your tongue across the surface of something in order to eat it, wet it, clean it etc
The dog jumped up and licked her face.
lick something ↔ up
A cat licked up the drops spilt on the floor.
lick something off something
He licked the drops off his upper lip.
2 SPORT [transitive] informal to defeat an opponent
I bet we could lick the best teams in Georgia.
3 FLAMES/WAVES [intransitive, transitive] literary if flames or waves lick something, they touch it again and again with quick movements
lick at/against
Soon the flames were licking at the curtains.
4 → have (got) something licked
5 → lick your lips
6 → lick your wounds
7 → lick somebody’s boots
Cheek
1 [countable] the soft round part of your face below each of your eyes
Lucy stretched up to kiss his cheek.
Billy had rosy cheeks and blue eyes.
her tear-stained cheeks
Julie’s cheeks flushed with pleasure at the compliment.
red-cheeked/hollow-cheeked/rosy-cheeked etc
a red-cheeked plump old fellow
2 [singular, uncountable] British English disrespectful or rude behaviour, especially towards someone in a position of authority
I’ve had enough of your cheek.
have the cheek to do something
He had the cheek to make personal remarks and expect no reaction.
She’s got a cheek; she just goes on till she gets what she wants.
It’s a bit of a cheek, asking me for money.
What a cheek! Of course I read the instructions!
3 → cheek by jowl (with somebody/something)
4 → turn the other cheek
5 → cheek to cheek
Chick
a baby bird
a mother hen with her chicks
2 informal not polite a word meaning a young woman, that some people think is offensive
Peel
1 [transitive] to remove the skin from fruit or vegetables
Peel and dice the potatoes.
► see thesaurus at cut
2 [intransitive] if skin, paper, or paint peels, it comes off, usually in small pieces
peel from/off
The paper was peeling from the wall.
New skin grows, and the damaged skin peels off.
3 [intransitive] to lose an outer layer or surface
The walls were peeling from the damp.
4 [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to remove the outer layer from something
peel something away/off/back
Peel away the waxed paper from the bottom of the cake.
→ keep your eyes peeled
→ peel off
Pill
[countable] a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole
He has to take pills to control his blood pressure.
sleeping pills
a bottle of vitamin pills
2 → the Pill/the pill
3 → sugar/sweeten the pill
4 → be a pill
Bean
1 a seed or a pod (=case containing seeds), that comes from a climbing plant and is cooked as food. There are very many types of beans
baked beans
Soak the beans overnight.
kidney beans
green beans
2 a plant that produces beans
3 a seed used in making some types of food or drinks
coffee beans
cocoa beans
4 → be full of beans
5 → not have a bean
6 → not know/care beans (about somebody/something)
Bin
a container for putting waste in → trash can, waste paper basket
Throw it in the bin.
→ dustbin, litter bin
2 a large container for storing things, such as goods in a shop or substances in a factory
Leave
1 GO AWAY [intransitive, transitive] to go away from a place or a person
My baby gets upset when I leave the room.
Before leaving the train, make sure you have all your belongings with you.
Leave the motorway at Junction 7.
leave at
The plane leaves at 12.30.
leave for
I tried calling him, but he’d already left for work.
leave (something/somebody) soon/now/later etc
If he left immediately, he’d catch the 7.30 train.
leave (something/somebody) to do something
Frances left work early to meet her mother.
leave somebody doing something
Never leave children playing near water unattended.
leave somebody to something
I’ll leave you to it (=go away and let you continue with what you are doing).
My youngest boy has not left my side (=has stayed near me) since his daddy was killed.
leave somebody in peace (=go away from someone so that they can think, work etc alone)
Just a few more questions, then we’ll leave you in peace.
2 STOP [intransitive, transitive] if you leave your job, home, school etc, you permanently stop doing that job, living at home etc
Over the past two years, 20 staffers have left.
leave home/school/college etc
How old were you when you left home (=your parents’ home)?
My daughter got a job after she left school.
The lawsuit will be postponed until the president leaves office.
leave a job/country/Spain etc
Many missionaries were forced to leave the country.
It seems that Tony has left the band for good (=permanently).
leave (somebody/something) to do something
Laura left her native England to live in France.
3 → leave somebody/something alone
4 LET SOMETHING/SOMEBODY STAY [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to make or allow something or someone to stay in a place when you go away
leave something/somebody in/with/behind etc
Are you leaving the kids with Grandma on Saturday?
As soon as I’d shut the door, I realized I’d left the keys inside.
Did anybody leave a jacket behind last night?
She left her son in the care of a friend.
leave somebody to do something
He left Ruth to find her own way home.
Students were left to their own devices (=left alone and allowed to do whatever they wanted) for long periods.
leave somebody for dead
The girl had been attacked and left for dead.
5 NOT CHANGE/MOVE SOMETHING [transitive] to let something remain in a particular state, position, or condition
leave something on/off/out etc
You’ve left your lights on.
She must have left the phone off the hook.
leave something open/empty/untidy etc
I wish you’d stop leaving the door open.
The trial left many questions unanswered.
leave a space/gap etc
Leave the next two lines blank for the tutor’s comments.
Drivers should always leave room for cyclists.
leave something doing something
I’ll just leave the engine running while I go in.
Don’t leave tools lying about.
leave something to do something
Leave the pots to soak overnight.
6 RESULT OF ACCIDENT/ILLNESS/EVENT [transitive] if an event, accident, illness etc leaves you in a particular condition, you are in that condition because of it
An explosion at a chemical plant has left one worker dead and four injured.
leave somebody with something
Although the infection cleared up, he was left with a persistent cough.
leave somebody doing something
The incident left her feeling confused and hurt.
The announcement has left shareholders nursing huge losses.
7 → be left
8 LETTER/MESSAGE/THING [transitive] to deliver a message, note, package etc for someone or put it somewhere so that they will get it later
She left a message on his answerphone.
leave somebody something
Can you leave me some money for the bus?
leave something with somebody
Ian left this note with me.
leave something for somebody
A guy left these flowers for you.
9 DELAY [transitive] to not do something or to do it later than you intended
Leave the dishes. I’ll do them later.
So much had been left undone.
leave something until the last minute/until last
If you leave your preparation until the last minute, you’ll reduce your chances of passing.
I left the best bit until last.
I want to think about it. Can I leave it for now?
I’m afraid you’ve left it too late to change your ticket.
leave it at that (=used to say that you will not do any more of something, because you have done enough)
Let’s leave it at that for today.
10 LET SOMEBODY DECIDE/BE RESPONSIBLE [transitive] to let someone else decide something or be responsible for something
leave something to somebody
Leave it to me. I’ll make sure it gets posted.
The choice of specialist subject is left entirely to the students.
leave it (up) to somebody to do something
I’ll leave it up to you to decide.
She leaves it to the reader to draw their own conclusions.
leave doing something to somebody
Is it okay if I leave writing the results to you?
leave something with somebody
Leave it with me, I’ll fix it for you.
He’s not the sort to leave things to chance (=take no action and just wait to see what happens).
leave somebody with no choice/option (=force someone to take a particular action)
You leave me with no choice but to fire you.
leave somebody to do something British English
Clive moved to London, leaving Edward to run the Manchester office.
11 HUSBAND/WIFE ETC [intransitive, transitive] to stop living with or having a relationship with your husband, partner etc
Martha was always threatening to leave, but I never believed her.
leave somebody for somebody
Mr Rushworth left his partner of 10 years for a younger woman.
12 WHEN YOU DIE [transitive]
a) to arrange for someone to receive your money, property etc after you die SYN bequeath
Aunt Alice died, leaving almost $5 million.
leave somebody something
Hugo left me his mother’s ring.
In his will, he had left all his children a small sum of money.
leave something to somebody/something
Have you thought of leaving a gift to charity after you die?
b) leave a wife/children etc used when someone dies before their wife, children etc
PC Davis leaves a wife and three small children.
► see thesaurus at give
13 MARK [transitive] to make a mark that remains afterwards
leave a mark/stain/scar etc
The wine had left a permanent mark on the tablecloth.
He staggered to the door, leaving a trail of blood.
Make sure that you don’t leave any footprints.
14 NOT EAT/DRINK [transitive] if you leave food or drink that you have been given, you do not eat or drink it
‘I’m really hungry now.’ ‘That’s because you left half your lunch.’
He rose from the table, leaving his brandy untouched.
15 → leave somebody/something standing
16 → leave a lot/something/much to be desired
17 MATHEMATICS [transitive] in a sum, to have a particular amount remaining
Three from seven leaves four.
18 → leave something aside/to one side
19 → leave somebody/something be
20 → leave go/hold of something
21 → leave it to somebody (to do something)
22 → Elvis/somebody/something has left the building
Live
1 IN A PLACE/HOME [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if you live in a place, you have your home there
live in/at/near etc
They lived in Holland for ten years.
He lives just across the street from me.
We live only a few miles from the coast.
A rather odd family came to live next door to us.
As soon as I saw the place, I knew I didn’t want to live there.
Does Paul still live here?
We’re still looking for somewhere to live.
They’ve finally found a place to live.
live with
My grandmother came to live with us when I was ten.
Most seventeen-year-olds still live at home (=live with their parents).
I’m quite happy living alone.
The house has 3,600 square feet of living space (=the areas of a house you live in).
live rough British English (=live outside because of having no home)
I ran away from home and lived rough for nine months.
2 PLANT/ANIMAL [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] a plant or animal that lives in a particular place grows there or has its home there
live in/on etc
These particular birds live on only one island in the Pacific.
3 AT A PARTICULAR TIME [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if you live at a particular time, you are alive then
live before/in/at
He lived in the eighteenth century.
She lived at a time when women were not expected to work.
Gladstone lived during a period of great social change.
the best/greatest etc that/who ever lived (=the best, greatest etc who has been alive at any time)
He’s probably the best journalist who ever lived.
4 BE/STAY ALIVE [intransitive] to be alive or be able to stay alive
Without light, plants couldn’t live.
He is extremely ill and not expected to live.
The baby only lived a few hours.
People on average are living much longer than before.
I’ll never forget this for as long as I live.
live to (be) 80/90 etc/live to the age of 80/90 etc
My grandmother lived to 85.
She lived to the age of 79.
have two weeks/six months etc to live
He knows he’s only got a few months to live.
He did not live to see (=live long enough to see) the realization of his dream.
5 WAY OF LIFE [intransitive always + adverb/preposition, transitive] to have a particular type of life, or live in a particular way
live in peace/poverty etc
The people in this country just want to live in peace.
People should not live in fear of crime.
We live in hope that a cure will be found.
live peacefully/quietly/happily etc
The two communities live peacefully alongside each other.
She thought that she would get married and live happily ever after (=like in a children’s story).
Some people like to live dangerously.
Most elderly people prefer to live independently if they can.
They earn enough money to live well (=have plenty of food, clothes etc).
I just want to live my life in my own way.
He’s not well enough to live a normal life.
live a quiet/active/healthy etc life
She lives a very busy life.
He had chosen to live the life of a monk.
She’s now in Hollywood living a life of luxury.
live by
I have always tried to live by my faith (=according to my religion).
We struggle on, living from day to day (=trying to find enough money each day to buy food etc).
He was tired of living out of a suitcase (=spending a lot of time travelling).
6 EARN A LIVING [intransitive] the way that someone lives is the way that they earn money to buy food etc
Fishing is the way their families have lived for generations.
live by doing something
They live by hunting and killing deer.
7 EXCITING LIFE [intransitive] to have an exciting life
She wanted to get out and live a little.
We’re beginning to live at last!
8 IMAGINE SOMETHING [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to imagine that things are happening to you
live in
He lives in a fantasy world.
live through
She lived through her children’s lives.
You must stop living in the past (=imagining that things from the past are still happening).
9 BE KEPT SOMEWHERE [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] British English informal the place where something lives is the place where it is kept
Where do these cups live?
Those big dishes live in the cupboard next to the fridge.
10 STILL EXIST/HAVE INFLUENCE [intransitive] if an idea lives, it continues to exist and influence people
Democracy still lives!
His name will live forever.
That day will always live in my memory.
11 → living quarters
12 → living expenses
13 → living arrangements
14 → live it up
15 → live by your wits
16 → live a lie
17 → be living on borrowed time
18 → live in sin
19 → live and breathe something
20 → you live and learn
21 → live and let live
22 → you haven’t lived (if/until …)
23 → somebody will live to regret it
24 → live to see/fight another day
25 → live life to the full
26 → live high on the hog
27 → live from hand to mouth
28 → live the dream
29 → long live the King/Queen! etc
30 → long live democracy/freedom etc
Tin
1 [uncountable] a soft silver-white metal that is often used to cover and protect iron and steel. It is a chemical element: symbol Sn
a small metal container in which food or drink is sold SYN can American English
a sardine tin
tin of
a tin of baked beans
3 [countable] a metal container with a lid in which food can be stored
a biscuit tin
4 [countable] British English a metal container in which food is cooked SYN pan American English
a 7-inch cake tin
a roasting tin
5 [countable] British English a metal container with a lid, in which paint, glue etc is sold
tin of
Pig
1 ANIMAL a farm animal with short legs, a fat body, and a curved tail. Pigs are kept for their meat, which includes pork, bacon, and ham. SYN hog American English
He kept pigs and poultry.
2 PERSON spoken
a) someone who eats too much or eats more than their share
You greedy pig, you ate all the candy!
I made a bit of a pig of myself (=ate too much) at dinner.
b) someone who is unpleasant in some way, for example unkind or very untidy
They live like pigs in that house over the road.
You can tell him from me he’s an ignorant pig.
(male) chauvinist pig (=a man who thinks women are not equal to men)
3 POLICE taboo informal an offensive word for a police officer. Do not use this word.
4 → a pig (of a something)
5 → make a pig’s ear of something
6 → in a pig’s eye
7 → pig in a poke
8 → pigs might fly
Peg
1 SHORT STICK a short piece of wood, metal, or plastic that is attached to a wall or fits into a hole, used especially to hang things on or to fasten things together
Sarah hung her coat on the peg.
a table fitted together with pegs
a pattern made with coloured pegs on a board
2 HANGING WET CLOTHES British English a small plastic or wooden object used to fasten wet clothes to a thin rope to dry SYN clothes peg, clothespin American English
3 TENT a pointed piece of wood or metal that you push into the ground in order to keep a tent in the correct position
4 → take/bring somebody down a peg (or two)
5 MUSICAL INSTRUMENT a wooden screw used to make the strings of a violin, guitar etc tighter or looser SYN tuning peg
6 → a peg to hang something on
7 DRINK British English old-fashioned a small amount of strong alcoholic drink, especially whisky or brandy
→ square peg in a round hole
