8.2 Dna, Genes, Chromosomes

Question 1

Describe eukaryotic DNA

Answer 1

Linear
Exists as chromosome
One long chain
Associated with histones
Formed chromatin

Question 2

Describe prokaryotic DNA

Answer 2

Shorter than eukaryotic
Circular
Has no histones
No nucleus

Question 3

Describe mtDNA

Answer 3

Makes proteins and enzymes of mitochondrial function
No histones
Circular

Question 4

Describe cpDNA

Answer 4

Makes proteins and enzymes for its function
Circular
No histones

Question 5

What do non coding genes regulate?

Answer 5

Expression

Question 6

What is an intron?

Answer 6

Sequence of bases that do not code for amino acids

Question 7

What is an exon?

Answer 7

A sequence of bases that code for amino acids

Question 8

Which cell has no introns?

Answer 8

Prokaryotes

Question 9

What does splicing do?

Answer 9

Remove introns

Question 10

What is overlapping bases in mRNA?

Answer 10

Where each base is ordered by single bases

Question 11

What is non overlapping bases in mRNA?

Answer 11

Where the bases are ordered in triplets

Question 12

How many possible triplets are there?

Answer 12

64

Question 13

Why is genetic code degenerate?

Answer 13

There are more triplets than possible amino acids

Question 14

How does translation stop?

Answer 14

There are start and stop codons at each end of mRNA

Question 15

What are alleles?

Answer 15

Genes that exist in different forms like different order of bases

Question 16

What are homlogous pair?

Answer 16

2 chromosomes that are same size and genes