3.4 Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
What is the nucleuses main function?
Transcripting DNA and making ribosomes
What does the nucleolus do?
Produces ribosome
Why is the nucleoplasm essential?
Maintains structure of nucleus and suspends chromatin
What is chromatin?
Chromosomes
What is the nuclear envelope?
A double membrane around the nucleus
What do the nuclear pores on the envelope do?
Control mRNA movement
Name, the four components of a mitochondria
The Matrix the Inner membrane, the Outer membrane, the Cristae
What do the mitochondria released through respiration?
ATP
Why are the mitochondria’s membranes folded?
For more surface area
What do the lysosome contain?
Digestive enzymes
What is the lysosomes purpose?
To digest, invading cells or worn out parts of the cell
What molecules are processed and synthesised in the Golgi complex?
Glyco, proteins, lipids, proteins and lysosomes
What does the Golgi complex do with its molecules?
Send them out of the cell in Golgi vesicles
Where are the ribosome in the cell?
In the cytoplasm or the RER
What do the ribosome do?
They synthesise proteins
Why is the RER rough?
It has ribosome is on his coat
What is the RER’s purpose
Folds and processes proteins made out of the ribosome
Why is the SER smooth?
It has no ribosomes
What is the SER’s function?
Synthesising and processing lipids
What does the cell wall do?
It provides structural support to the cell
Which cells have cell walls?
Plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria
What is the cell wall made of in plants, algae, fungi and bacteria?
An algae it is Cellulose, in plants it is cellulose in fungi, it is chitin, in bacteria it is Murien
What are the chloroplasts surrounded by?
Double membrane
In a chloroplast, what is a thylakoid?
A folded membrane
What are stacks of thylakoids called?
Grana/Granum
What are the granum connected by?
Lamellae
What is the fluid in the chloroplast called?
Stroma
Where is the chlorophyll in the chloroplast?
In the thylakoids
What does the cell surface membrane do?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
What is the cell surface membrane made of?
Lipids and proteins
What is inside of the vacuole?
Cell sap (fluid)
What is the surrounding membrane on the vacuole called?
The tonoplast
What do the centrioles do?
They are important in separating chromosones during mitosis
How do centrioles separate chromosomes?
By releasing spindle fibers
What are the folds in the Golgi called?
Cisternae
What size are ribosome in eukaryotic cells?
80S
