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Biology Year 1 > 3.4 Eukaryotic Cells > Flashcards

3.4 Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the nucleuses main function?

A

Transcripting DNA and making ribosomes

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2
Q

What does the nucleolus do?

A

Produces ribosome

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3
Q

Why is the nucleoplasm essential?

A

Maintains structure of nucleus and suspends chromatin

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4
Q

What is chromatin?

A

Chromosomes

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5
Q

What is the nuclear envelope?

A

A double membrane around the nucleus

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6
Q

What do the nuclear pores on the envelope do?

A

Control mRNA movement

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7
Q

Name, the four components of a mitochondria

A

The Matrix the Inner membrane, the Outer membrane, the Cristae

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8
Q

What do the mitochondria released through respiration?

A

ATP

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9
Q

Why are the mitochondria’s membranes folded?

A

For more surface area

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10
Q

What do the lysosome contain?

A

Digestive enzymes

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11
Q

What is the lysosomes purpose?

A

To digest, invading cells or worn out parts of the cell

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12
Q

What molecules are processed and synthesised in the Golgi complex?

A

Glyco, proteins, lipids, proteins and lysosomes

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13
Q

What does the Golgi complex do with its molecules?

A

Send them out of the cell in Golgi vesicles

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14
Q

Where are the ribosome in the cell?

A

In the cytoplasm or the RER

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15
Q

What to do the ribosome do?

A

They synthesise proteins

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16
Q

Why is the RER rough?

A

It has ribosome is on his coat

17
Q

What is the RER’s purpose

A

Folds and processes proteins made out of the ribosome

18
Q

Why is the SER smooth?

A

It has no ribosomes

19
Q

What is the SER’s function?

A

Synthesising and processing lipids

20
Q

What does the cell wall do?

A

It provides structural support to the cell

21
Q

Which cells have cell walls?

A

Plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria

22
Q

What is the cell wall made of in plants, algae, fungi and bacteria?

A

An algae it is Cellulose, in plants it is cellulose in fungi, it is chitin, in bacteria it is Murien

23
Q

What are the chloroplasts surrounded by?

A

Double membrane

24
Q

In a chloroplast, what is a thylakoid?

A

A folded membrane

25
Q

What are stacks of thylakoids called?

A

Grana/Granum

26
Q

What are the granum connected by?

A

Lamellae

27
Q

What is the fluid in the chloroplast called?

A

Stroma

28
Q

Where is the chlorophyll in the chloroplast?

A

In the thylakoids

29
Q

What does the cell surface membrane do?

A

Controls what goes in and out of the cell

30
Q

What is the cell surface membrane made of?

A

Lipids and proteins

31
Q

What is inside of the vacuole?

A

Cell sap (fluid)

32
Q

What is the surrounding membrane on the vacuole called?

A

The tonoplast

33
Q

What do the centrioles do?

A

They are important in separating chromosones during mitosis

34
Q

How do centrioles separate chromosomes?

A

By releasing spindle fibers

Biology Year 1 (30 decks)

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