1.6 Proteins Flashcards
Describe the structure of an amino acid
A methane but
One hydrogen is NH2
One hydrogen has a carboxylic group
And one hydrogen is a variable R group
What is the structure of the carboxyll group?
A carbon double bonded to and oxygen and also bonded to a hydroxide
How do amino acids bond and what is the bond called?
The hydroxide on the amino acid’s carboxylate group
and the hydrogen on the amino part of the NH2 side
join via condensation reaction
to form a peptide bond and also
releases water
What are 2 amino acids bonded called?
Dipeptide
What is the primary structure in a protein?
The order of amino acids
(The simple chain)
What is the secondary structure in a protein and what shape do they form?
The chains folding usually held together by hydrogen bonds
Either Beta Sheets
Or Alpha Helixes
Describe the structure of the tertiary structure within a protein
Folded secondary structures held together by intermolecular bonds
Which bonds hold together the tertiary structure in a protein and what are they affected by?
Hydrogen bonds- affected by temp and pH
Ionic bonds- affected by pH
Disulphide bonds- affect by a reducing agent
What does the overall shape of a protein determine?
It’s function
Which molecules are the hydrogen bonds between in the secondary structure of a protein?
The hydroxide on the COOH
And the hydrogen on the NH2
What is another name for a chain of amino acids?
Polypeptides
