1.5 Lipids

Question 1

What are the 2 main types of lipids?

Answer 1

Phospholipids and triglycerides

Question 2

Describe the structure and bonding of a triglyceride

Answer 2

A glycerol bonded to a fatty acid chain through a ester linkage made by a condensation reaction of the hydroxides

Question 3

What is a triglyceride made of?

Answer 3

3 fatty acid chains and a glycerol

Question 4

What is the outcome of the condensation reaction between the hydroxides on a glycerol and a fatty acid?

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

Describe a saturated vs non saturated fatty acid

Answer 5

Saturated= No double bonded carbons
Unsaturated= A carbon double bond

Question 6

How much more energy do lipids release over carbohydrates?

Answer 6

Twice

Question 7

Why do lipids release a lot of energy?

Answer 7

Many carbon hydrogen bonds
Low mass to energy ratio

Question 8

Are lipids insoluble or soluble?

Answer 8

Insoluble

Question 9

Describe the chemical structure of a fatty acid

Answer 9

A hydrocarbon with a carboxylic group on the end of it

Question 10

Describe the structure of a glycerol

Answer 10

Propane but the top 3 hydrogens are hydroxides

Question 11

What does the double bond in an unsaturated fatty acid result in?

Answer 11

A kink in the fatty acid chain
A low melting point
A liquid state