8. Inguinal Region and Scrotum Flashcards
What does the inguinal canal carry in males?
Spermatic cord
Ilioinguinal nerve
What does the inguinal canal carry in females?
Round ligament of uterus
Ilioinguinal nerve
What is the function of the inguinal canal?
Provide a passage for abdominal contents to exit the abdomen
Where is the superficial ring found? (i.e. in which layer and describe the anatomical location)
Aponeurosis of external oblique
Anterior and lateral to pubic tubercle
What do the margins (crura) of the superficial ring form?
External spermatic fascia
Where is the deep ring found? (i.e. in which layer and describe the anatomical location)
Transversalis fascia
Anterior to midpoint of inguinal ligament (i.e. halfway between ASIS and pubic symphysis)
Which vessels are medial to the deep inguinal ring?
Inferior epigastric vessels
What fascia does the deep inguinal ring form?
Internal spermatic/ round ligament fascia
What are the borders of the inguinal canal?
Roof - internal oblique and transverse abdominis
Anterior - aponeurosis of external oblique plus internal oblique in lateral third
Floor - external oblique and lacunar ligament
Posterior - transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon
What is the conjoint tendon?
Where the internal oblique and transversus abdominis insert to the pubic crest and pectineal line
What makes up the inguinal ligament?
Aponeurosis of external oblique
Where does the lacunar ligament begin?
Medial end of inguinal ligament
What makes up the pectineal ligament?
When the lacunar ligament joins the periosteum of the pectineal line
What is the difference between a direct and indirect inguinal hernia?
Direct - through defect in posterior wall of canal
Indirect - due to congenital defect in deep inguinal ring
Where does a femoral hernia occur?
Through femoral canal in femoral sheath
What are the 3 layers of fascia in the spermatic cord?
Internal spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
External spermatic fascia
What does the spermatic cord contain? (think of 8 things)
Piles Don’t Contribute To A Good Sex Life
Pampiniform plexus Ductus deferens Cremasteric artery Testicular artery Artery to ductus deferens Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Sympathetic fibres Lymphatics
What is the function of vas deferens?
Transport spermatozoa from epipdidymis to urethra
At what level does the testicular artery branch from the aorta?
L2
Where does lymph from the testes drain?
Para-aortic nodes
Which nerves supplies the cremasteric muscle?
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Where does the artery of vas deferens branch from?
Inferior vesical
Where does the cremasteric artery branch from?
Inferior epigastric
What is the processus vaginalis?
Peritoneal diverticulum that precedes the testes in their descent during development
What is the function of the epididymis?
Store sperm (becomes vas deferens)
Describe the movement of fluid from seminal vesicle lobule of testes to the epididymis
Seminal vesicle lobule Seminiferous tubule Rete testes Efferent ductules Epididymis
What fascia makes up the internal spermatic fasica?
Transversalis fasca
What fascia makes up the external spermatic fascia?
Colles fascia
