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Anatomy > 10. Foregut 1 > Flashcards

10. Foregut 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which organs make up the foregut? (6)

A 
Distal oesophagus
Stomach 
Liver
Spleen
Proximal duodenum
Part of pancreas
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2
Q

What is the arterial supply of the foregut?

A

Branches of the coeliac axis (aorta T12)

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3
Q

Where does blood from the foregut drain to?

A

Portal vein

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4
Q

Where does lymph from the foregut drain to?

A

Pre-aortic nodes at T12 (coeliac nodes)

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5
Q

What are the layers of the stomach, from outer to inner?

A

Serosa
Muscularis externa (outer longitudinal, middle circular, inner oblique)
Submucosa
Mucosa

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6
Q

What are the 3 main areas of the stomach?

A

Fundus
Body
Pyloric antrum

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7
Q

What is the name given to the many folds within the inner surface of the stomach?

A

Rugae

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8
Q

What are the 2 notches of the stomach?

A

Cardiac

Angular

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9
Q

What is the arterial supply of the stomach?

A

Left gastric artery - branch of coeliac axis (T12)
Right gastric artery
R and L gastro-epiploic (omental)

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10
Q

What are the 3 branches of coeliac axis?

A

Left gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic

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11
Q

Which artery is the R gastric a branch of?

A

Hepatic artery

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12
Q

At the lesser curvature of the stomach, which arteries anastomose?

A

R gastric and L gastric

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13
Q

Apart from the stomach, what other structure does the L gastric artery supply?

A

Distal oesophagus

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14
Q

Which artery is the short gastric artery a branch of?

A

Splenic artery

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15
Q

What part of the stomach does the short gastric artery supply?

A

Fundus

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16
Q

Which veins drain the stomach?

A

R and L gastric veins
R and L gastro-epiploic
Short gastric

17
Q

Which vein do the R and L gastric veins drain into?

A

Hepatic portal vein

18
Q

Which vein do the R and L gastro-epiploic veins drain into?

A

L - splenic then portal

R - superior mesenteric then portal

19
Q

Which vein does the short gastric vein drain into?

A

Splenic then portal vein

20
Q

What is the main lymphatic drainage of the stomach?

A

Pre-aortic nodes at root of coeliac axis (T12)

Then cisterna chyli then thoracic duct

21
Q

Name some local lymph nodes around the stomach? (5)

A 
Gastro-omental
Gastric
Pyloric
Pancreaticosplenic
Pancreaticoduodenal
22
Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply of the stomach?

A

Coeliac plexus

23
Q

What is the parasympathetic nerve supply of the stomach?

A

Anterior and posterior vagal trunks

24
Q

What is the sympathetic nerve supply of the stomach?

A

Greater splanchnic nerve

25
Q

Is the duodenum intra or retro-peritoneal?

A

1st part - intra
2nd - 4th - retro

Therefore, it is partially retroperitoneal

26
Q

What is the name given to the many folds of the duodenum?

A

Plicae circularis

27
Q

What is the ampulla of Vater?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

Union of common bile duct and main pancreatic duct

28
Q

What is the sphincter of Oddi? And its function?

A

Hepatopancreatic sphincter

Controls the flow of pancreatic and bile fluids into the duodenum

29
Q

What vertebral level is the duodenum usually found at?

A

1st part at trans-pyloric plane (between L1 and L2)

30
Q

Name some structures that are related to the 1st part of the duodenum. (5)

A 
Liver
Gall bladder
IVC
Bile duct
Portal vein
31
Q

Name some structures that are related to the 2nd part of the duodenum. (4)

A

Transverse colon
Right kidney
Right ureter
Pancreas

32
Q

Name some structures that are related to the 3rd part of the duodenum. (7)

A 
Superior mesenteric vessels
Jejunum
Right ureter
Right psoas
IVC
Aorta
Pancreas
33
Q

Name some structures that are related to the 4th part of the duodenum. (4)

A

Root of mesentery
Jejunum
Aorta
Left psoas

34
Q

What arteries supply the duodenum? And where do these arteries branch from?

A

Proximal part - superior pancreaticoduodenal (branch of gastroduodenal)

Distal part - inferior pancreaticoduodenal (branch of superior mesenteric)

35
Q

Which veins drain the duodenum?

A

Superior - direct to portal

Inferior - superior mesenteric then portal

36
Q

What nerves supply the duodenum?

A

Sympathetic - greater and lesser splanchnic

Parasympathetic - vagal

37
Q

Where is pain from the duodenum referred?

A

Epigastric region

38
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the duodenum?

A

Proximal - pre-aortic coeliac axis nodes at T12

Distal - pre-aortic superior mesenteric nodes at L1

Anatomy (49 decks)

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