40. Parotid Gland and Temporal Region

Question 1

What cells are in the parotid gland?

Answer 1

Serous acini

Question 2

What ligament is an extension of the fibrous capsule of the parotid gland?

Answer 2

Stylomandibular ligament

Question 3

What does the parotid duct pierce when entering the oral cavity?

Answer 3

Buccal fat pad

Buccinator

Question 4

Branches of facial nerve? (6)

Answer 4

Temporal 
Zygomatic
Buccal 
Marginal mandibular
Cervical 
Posterior auricular

Question 5

What artery does the transverse facial artery branch from?

Answer 5

Superficial temporal

Question 6

What does the external carotid artery divide into when in the parotid gland?

Answer 6

Superficial temporal artery

Maxillary artery

Question 7

What veins make up the retromandibular vein?

Answer 7

Superficial temporal vein

Maxillary vein

Question 8

Parasympathetic secretomotor supply of parotid gland?

Answer 8

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 9

What are the 4 muscles of mastication?

Answer 9

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

Question 10

Innervation of muscles of mastication?

Answer 10

Mandibular division of trigeminal CN V3

Question 11

Movements of the mandible?

Answer 11

Elevation
Depression
Protrusion
Retrusion
Lateral sliding

Question 12

Origin of temporalis?

Answer 12

Temporal fossa

Temporal fascia

Question 13

Insertion of temporalis?

Answer 13

Coronoid process

Anterior border of the ramus of mandible

Question 14

Action of temporalis?

Answer 14

Anterior and superior fibres - elevate mandible

Posterior fibres - retract mandible

Question 15

Innervation of temporalis?

Answer 15

Deep temporal nerves (x2) from anterior division of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

Question 16

Origin of masseter?

Answer 16

Zygomatic arch

Question 17

Insertion of masseter?

Answer 17

Lateral aspect of ramus of mandible

Question 18

Action of masseter?

Answer 18

Elevate mandible

Question 19

Innervation of masseter?

Answer 19

Masseteric nerve from anterior division of CNV3

Question 20

Origin of lateral pterygoid?

Answer 20

Upper - infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid

Lower - lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Question 21

Insertion of lateral pterygoid?

Answer 21

Neck of mandible and articular disc

Question 22

Action of lateral pterygoid?

Answer 22

Pulls neck of mandible forwards with articular disc (protrusion = both)

Help in lateral chewing with medial pterygoid

Question 23

Innervation of lateral pterygoid?

Answer 23

Anterior division of CNV3

Question 24

Origin of medial pterygoid?

Answer 24

Superficial - tubercle of maxilla

Deep - medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Question 25

Insertion of medial pterygoid?

Answer 25

Medial surface of angle of mandible

Question 26

Action of medial pterygoid?

Answer 26

Assists in elevation

Question 27

Innervation of medial pteryhoid?

Answer 27

Nerve to medial pterygoid from the main trunk of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3)

Question 28

Make sure you can describe the movements of the mandible

Answer 28

Slide 15

Question 29

Pre-division branches of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve?

Answer 29

Meningeal Nerve to medial pterygoid (also tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini)

Question 30

Anterior division of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve?

Answer 30

Masseteric nerve Nerve to lateral pterygoid x2 deep temporal Buccal

Question 31

Posterior division of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve?

Answer 31

Auriculotemporal Lingual Inferior alveolar Mylohyoid

Question 32

What do the R and L common carotid arteries arise from?

Answer 32

R - from brachiocephalic | L - from aortic arch

Question 33

Posterior branches of ECA?

Answer 33

Occipital Posterior auricular Ascending pharyngeal (from 'deep' surface of carotid)

Question 34

Anterior branches of ECA?

Answer 34

``` Superior thyroid Lingual Facial Maxillary Superficial temporal ```

Question 35

Terminal branches of ECA?

Answer 35

Superficial temporal | Maxillary

Question 36

Lymphatics of face and neck

Answer 36

Slide 24