20. Anterior Forearm and Wrist

Question 1

Name the muscles in each layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 1

Superficial - pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
Intermediate - flexor digitorum superficialis
Deep - pronator quadratus, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus

Question 2

Where is the common flexor orgin?

Answer 2

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 3

What nerve supplies the majority of the muscles of the forearm? What are the exceptions to this?

Answer 3

Median nerve (C7, C8)

EXCEPT - flexor carpi ulnaris and ring/little finger side of flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar nerve)

Question 4

What is the most superficial muscle of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 4

Palmaris longus

Question 5

Insertion of palmaris longus?

Answer 5

Palmar fascia (aponeurosis)

Question 6

Function of palmaris longus?

Answer 6

Tighten apouneurosis

Aids wrist in flexion

Question 7

Origins of pronator teres?

Answer 7

Superficial head -Medial epicondyle of humerus

Deep head - coronoid process of ulna

Question 8

Insertion of pronator teres?

Answer 8

Lateral surface of radius

Question 9

What nerve runs through the heads of pronator teres?

Answer 9

Median nerve

Question 10

Function of pronator teres?

Answer 10

Pronation

Also assists elbow flexion

Question 11

Insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 11

Base of pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal

Question 12

Function of flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 12

Wrist adduction and flexion

Question 13

Innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 13

Ulnar nerve C7-C8

Question 14

Insertion of flexor carpi radialis?

Answer 14

Base of 2nd metacarpal

Question 15

Function of flexor carpi radialis?

Answer 15

Abduction of wrist and flexion

Question 16

Innervation of flexor carpi radialis?

Answer 16

Median nerve C6-C7

Question 17

Origin of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 17

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Coronoid process of ulna

Question 18

Insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 18

Middles phalanges of digits 2-5

Question 19

Function of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 19

Flexion of MCP and PIP joints

Flexion of wrist

Question 20

Origin of flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 20

Ulna and interosseous membrane

Question 21

Function of flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 21

Flexion of MCP, PIP and DIP of digits 2-5

Flexion of wrist

Question 22

Innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 22

Ring and little finger - ulnar nerve C8, T1

Index and middle finger - anterior interosseous branch of median nerve C8, T1

Question 23

Origin of pronator quadratus?

Answer 23

Distal anterior ulnar

Question 24

Insertion of pronator quadratus?

Answer 24

Distal anterior radius

Question 25

Function of pronator quadratus?

Answer 25

Pronation | Stabilises the distal radioulnar joint

Question 26

Innervation of pronator quadratus?

Answer 26

Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve C8, T1

Question 27

What nerve runs through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 27

Median nerve

Question 28

What nerve runs above the carpal tunnel?

Answer 28

Ulnar nerve

Question 29

Name the carpal bones

Answer 29

``` Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform TrapeziUM (under thUMb) Trapezoid Capitate Hamate ``` (Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle)

Question 30

Which two structures are attached via the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 30

Thenar and hypothenar structures