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Anatomy > 43. The Brain > Flashcards

43. The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Which arteries are found in the longitudinal fissue?

A

Anterior cerebral

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2
Q

Which artery is found in the lateral fissue?

A

Middle cerebral

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3
Q

Where are the pre-central and post-central gyri found in relation to the central sulcus?

A

Pre - anterior

Post - posterior

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4
Q

How are Broca’s and Wernecke’s areas related to speech?

A

Broca - motor (i.e. making speech)

Wernecke’s - recognition

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5
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

White matter tract

Connects cerebral hemispheres

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6
Q

Make sure you can label/ identify basal ganglia

A

Slide 8

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7
Q

Actions of basal ganglia?

A

Regulate initiation and termination of body movements

Memory, planning, emotional response (via limbic system)

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8
Q

What makes up the lentiform nucleus?

A

Globus palladus

Putamen

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9
Q

What makes up the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland

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10
Q

Functions of thalamus?

A

Sensory relay

Motor pathways

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11
Q

Functions of hypothalamus?

A

Regulate ANS
Homeostasis
Produce hormones

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12
Q

Functions of pineal gland?

A

Produce melatonin

Olfaction and emotional response connection

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13
Q

Which cranial nerves originate in the midbrain?

A

CN III

IV

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14
Q

What are the functions of the colliculi?

A

Sup - visual tracking/ scanning

Inf - auditory startle reflex

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15
Q

Function of substantia nigra?

A

Control sub-conscious muscle action

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16
Q

Function of red nuclei?

A

Co-ordinate muscle movement

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17
Q

Function of pontine nuclei?

A

Voluntary motor output

Pneumotaxic tract - breathing

18
Q

Which CN originate in pons?

A

V, VI, VII, vestibular part of VIII

19
Q

Function of medulla?

A 
Pyramids - motor tracts
Cardiovascular
Breathing centres
Touch/ pressure/ vibration
Olives - proprioception
20
Q

Which CN originate in medulla?

A

IX, X, XI, XII, cochlear part of VIII

21
Q

Function of cerebellum?

A

Skeletal movement, co-ordinates complex sequences

Regulate posture and balance

22
Q

What does the pituitary gland release?

A

GH
FSH
LH

23
Q

Where does the pituitary gland sit in the cranium?

A

Sella turcica (pituitary fossa)

24
Q

Make sure you can label/ draw circle of willis

A

Slide 15

25
Q

What lobes do the middle cerebral arteries supply?

A

Temporal

26
Q

What lobes do the anterior cerebral arteries supply?

A

Frontal

Parietal

27
Q

What lobes do the posterior cerebral arteries supply?

A

Occipital

also base of brain

28
Q

From which artery do the vertebral arteries arise?

A

Subclavian

29
Q

What are the branches of the basilar arteries (before joining to posterior cerebral) ?

A

Cerebellar
Pontine
Medullary

30
Q

What are the 3 meningeal layers?

A

Pia
Arachnoid
Dura

31
Q

What is the blood supply to the meninges?

A

Anterior, middle and posterior meningeal arteries

32
Q

What artery does the anterior meningeal artery branch from?

A

Ethmoid from internal carotid

33
Q

What artery does the middle meningeal artery branch from?

A

Maxillary artery (via foramen spinosum) from external carotid

34
Q

What artery does the posterior meningeal artery branch from?

A

Occipital from external carotid

35
Q

Where do the dural venous sinuses drain to?

A

internal jugular

36
Q

Name the dural venous sinuses (8)

A 
Superior sagittal
Inferior sagittal
Straight
Confluence
Cavernous
Sigmoid
Superior petrosal
Transverse
37
Q

What are the 4 ventricles of the brain?

A

Lateral ventricle (1 in both sides)
3rd
4th

38
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

In choroid plexus in the ventricles

39
Q

How is CSF made?

A

Ependymal cells filter blood plasma

40
Q

Where/ how is CSF recycled?

A

Through arachnoid villi (granulations)

Back into dural venous sinuses

Anatomy (49 decks)

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