11. Foregut 2 Flashcards
Name the lobes of the liver (4)
Left
Right
Caudate
Quadrate
What are the ligaments of the liver?
Falciform ligament
Triangular ligaments (R and L)
Coronary ligament
Ligamentum teres (string of tissue that hangs down from falciform ligament)
What is the function of the falciform ligament of the liver?
Holds the liver to the body wall
What is the ligamentum teres an embryological remnant of?
Umbilical vein
What makes up the porta hepatis?
Bile duct (most anterior) Hepatic artery Portal vein (most posterior)
NOT hepatic veins - these are within the liver itself
What ducts form the bile duct?
Right and left hepatic ducts form common bile duct
Which joins with cystic duct
Which important structure attaches to the porta hepatis?
Free edge of lesser omentum
What type of peritoneum covers the liver?
Visceral
**except the part of the liver attached to the diaphragm - it is bare here
What do the layers of falciform ligament of the liver form?
R –> coronary ligament
L –> left triangular ligament
Describe the blood supply of the liver.
30% - oxygenated blood from hepatic artery
70% - deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from portal vein
Where does blood from the liver drain to?
Central veins –>
R and L hepatic veins (4 in total) –>
IVC
Where does lymph from the liver drain?
Nodes at porta hepatis
Then coeliac nodes
Where can pain from the liver refer to?
Epigastric region R shoulder (via diaphragm)
Where is bile secreted?
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall bladder
Where does the bile duct pierce the duodenum?
In second part of duodenum
via sphincter of Oddi (major duodenal papilla)
What makes up the ampulla of Vater? Aka the hepatopancreatic ampulla
Bile duct + main pancreatic duct
What is released from the small intestine when there is fat in the duodenum?
Cholecystokinin
What effect does cholecystokinin have on the gall bladder?
Causes contraction
What artery is the cystic artery a branch of?
Right hepatic artery
Where does the cystic vein drain?
Into portal vein
Where does lymph from the gall bladder drain?
Cystic node –>
Hepatic node –>
Coeliac ndoes
Where does pain from the gall bladder refer?
Epigastric region
because nerve supply from coeliac plexus
Which organs are anterior to the pancreas? (2)
Transverse colon
Stomach
Which organs/ vessels/ structures are posterior to the pancreas? (10)
Bile duct Portal vein Splenic vein IVC Aorta Superior mesenteric artery L psoas L supra-renal gland L kidney Spleen
What arteries supply the pancreas? (3)
Superior pancreaticoduodenal
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
Dorsal
Which artery is the dorsal pancreatic artery a branch of?
Splenic
Which artery is the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery a branch of?
Gastroduodenal
Which artery is the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery a branch of?
Superior mesenteric
Into which veins does blood from the pancreas drain?
Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
(then into portal system)
Where does lymph from the pancreas drain to?
Coeliac nodes at T12
Superior mesenteric nodes at L1
What is the nerve supply of the pancreas?
Coeliac and superior mesenteric plexuses
Where does pain from the pancreas refer?
Epigastric region
Where in the abdominal cavity does the spleen lie?
Left hypochondrium
Inferior to ribs 9 - 11
Posterior to stomach
What ligament connects the greater omentum and the hilum of the spleen?
Gastrosplenic ligament
What vessels does the gastrosplenic ligament contain?
Short gastric
Gastro-epiploic
What ligament connects the left kidney and the spleen?
Lienorenal ligament
What does the lienorenal ligament contain?
Splenic vessels
Tail of pancreas
What artery supplies the spleen?
Splenic artery (largest branch of coeliac)
Where does blood from the spleen drain?
Splenic vein
What vein drains into the splenic vein?
Inferior mesenteric vein
also smaller branches from stomach and pancreas
What veins make up the portal vein?
Splenic vein
Superior mesenteric vein
Where does lymph from the spleen drain?
Pancreaticosplenic nodes
What is the nerve supply of the spleen?
Coeliac plexus
