32. Knee Joint Flashcards
What is the classification of the knee joint?
Modified synovial hinge joint
What are the 3 articulations in the knee joint?
Femoropatellar
x2 femorotibial
What does the knee capsule attach with anteriorly?
Quadriceps tendon
Patella
Ligamentum patellae
What does the knee capsule attach with posteriorly?
Intercondylar fossa of femur
Open posterior to lateral condyle of tibia for popliteus muscle
What is the name given to the fold of synovial membrane within the knee joint?
Infrapatellar synovial fold
What is the largest bursae around the knee joint?
Suprapatellar
What bursae around the knee joint are in communication with the synovial cavity of the knee joint?
Suprapatellar
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus
Popliteus
Name the 8 bursae around the knee joint
Suprapatellar Subcutaneous prepatellar Subcutaneous infrapatellar Deep infrapatellar Gastrocnemius Semimebranosus Popliteus Anserine
What are the 4 extracapsular knee ligaments?
Oblique popliteal
Arcuate popliteal
Medial collateral
Lateral collateral
What are the 2 intracapsular ligaments?
Anterior cruciate
Posterior cruciate
What muscle tendon does the oblique popliteal ligament expand from?
Semimembranosus
What is the function of the oblique popliteal ligament?
Reinforces posterior capsule
What muscle does the arcuate ligament course over?
Popliteus
What is the function of the arcuate ligament?
Strengthens posterolateral joint capsule
What are the attachments of the medial collateral ligament?
Medial epicondyle of femur
To medial condyle and superior medial surface of tibia
What are the attachments of the lateral collateral ligament?
Lateral epicondyle of femur
To lateral head of fibula
What tendon passes immediately superficially to the lateral collateral ligament?
Popliteus
Function of posterior cruciate ligament?
Prevents femur from sliding forwards on tibia (especially when knee is flexed)
Anterolateral band - limits flexion
Posteromedial band - limits extension
Function of anterior cruciate ligament?
Prevents femur from sliding backwards on tibia
Anteromedial band - limits flexion
Posterorlateral band - limits extension
Attachments of ACL?
Anterior intercondylar area of tibia
To medial side of lateral condyle of femur
Attachments of PCL?
Posterior intercondylar area of tibia
To lateral side of medial condyle of femur
What artery does the descending genicular artery branch from?
Femoral artery
Also branch from lateral circumflex femoral artery
What arteries do the recurrent genicular arteries branch from?
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
