22. The Hand

Question 1

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?

Answer 1

Synovial hinge

Question 2

What type of joint are the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 2

Synovial condyloid

Question 3

What type of joint are the carpometacarpal joints?

Answer 3

Thumb - synovial saddle

Digits - synovial plane

Question 4

What type of joint are the intercarpal joints?

Answer 4

Synovial plane

Question 5

What muscle tenses the palmar aponeurosis?

Answer 5

Palmaris longus

Question 6

Origin of palmaris brevis?

Answer 6

Palmar aponeurosis

Flexor retinaculum

Question 7

Insertion of palmaris brevis?

Answer 7

Dermis

Question 8

Function of palmaris brevis?

Answer 8

Grip

Question 9

Innervation of palmaris brevis?

Answer 9

Superficial ulnar nerve C8, T1

Question 10

What are the muscles at the thenar eminance?

Answer 10

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

Question 11

Origin of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 11

Scaphoid

Trapezium

Question 12

Insertion of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 12

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 13

Function of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 13

CMC joint abduction

Question 14

Innervation of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 14

Recurrent median nerve C8, T1

Question 15

Origin of flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 15

,Flexor retinaculum
Capitate
Trapzium

Question 16

Insertion of flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 16

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 17

Function of flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 17

CMC joint flexion

Question 18

Innervation of flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 18

Recurrent median nerve C8, T1

Question 19

Origin of opponens pollicis?

Answer 19

Trapezium

Question 20

Insertion of opponens pollicis?

Answer 20

First metacarpal

Question 21

Function of opponens pollicis?

Answer 21

CMC joint opposition

Question 22

Innervation of opponens pollicis?

Answer 22

Recurrent median nerve C8, T1

Question 23

Origin of adductor pollicis?

Answer 23

Transverse head - 3rd metacarpal

Oblique head - capitate and 2nd/3rd metacarpals

Question 24

Insertion of adductor pollicis?

Answer 24

Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 25

Function of adductor pollicis?

Answer 25

Adduction of CMC joint of thumb | Flexion of MCP joint of thumb

Question 26

Innervation of adductor pollicis?

Answer 26

Deep ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Question 27

What muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 27

Abductor digit minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi

Question 28

Origin of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 28

Pisiform

Question 29

Insertion of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 29

Base of 5th proximal phalanx | Dorsal digital expansion

Question 30

Function of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 30

Abduction and flexion MCP joint of little finger

Question 31

Innervation of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 31

Deep ulnar nerve C8, T1

Question 32

Origin of flexor digiti minimi?

Answer 32

Hamate | Flexor retinaculum

Question 33

Insertion of flexor digiti minimi?

Answer 33

Base of 5th proximal phalanx

Question 34

Function of flexor digiti minimi?

Answer 34

Flex MCP joint of little finger

Question 35

Innervation of flexor digiti minimi?

Answer 35

Deep ulnar neve (C8, T1)

Question 36

Origin of opponens minimi?

Answer 36

Hamate | Flexor retinaculum

Question 37

Insertion of opponens minimi?

Answer 37

5th metacarpal

Question 38

Function of opponens minimi?

Answer 38

Weak opposition of little finger

Question 39

Innervation of opponens minimi?

Answer 39

Deep ulnar nerve C8, T1

Question 40

How many lumbricals are there?

Answer 40

4

Question 41

Which of the lumbricals are unipennate and which are bipennate?

Answer 41

1+2 = uni 3+4= bi

Question 42

From which structure do the lumbricals arise?

Answer 42

Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 43

Insertion of lumbricals?

Answer 43

Dorsal digital expansion

Question 44

Function of lumbricals?

Answer 44

MCP joint FLEXION IP joint EXTENSION (because they run anterior and posterior) For digits 2 - 5

Question 45

Innervation of lumbricals?

Answer 45

``` 1+2 = digital branch of median nerve C8, T1 3+4 = deep ulnar nerve C8, T1 ```

Question 46

Between which bones are the palmar interossei found?

Answer 46

Metacarpals

Question 47

How many palmar interossei are there?

Answer 47

3

Question 48

Origin of palmar interossei?

Answer 48

1st - 2nd MCP 2nd - 4th MCP 3rd - 5th MCP

Question 49

Insertion of palmar interossei?

Answer 49

All to dorsal expansion PLUS: 1st - 2nd proximal phalanx 2nd - 4th proximal phalanx 3rd - 5th proximal phalanx

Question 50

Function of palmar interossei?

Answer 50

Adduction towards middle finger (PAD)

Question 51

Innervation of palmar interossei?

Answer 51

Deep ulnar nerve C8, T1

Question 52

Origin of dorsal interossei?

Answer 52

From sides of 2 adjacent metacarpals

Question 53

Insertion of dorsal interossei?

Answer 53

To dorsal digital expansion PLUS 1st - 2nd proximal phalanx 2nd and 3rd - 3rd proximal phalanx 4th - 4th proximal phalanx

Question 54

How many dorsal interossi are there?

Answer 54

4

Question 55

Function of dorsal interossei?

Answer 55

Abduction (DAB)

Question 56

Innervation of dorsal interossei?

Answer 56

Deep ulnar nerve C8, T1

Question 57

Is there superficial palmar arch mostly from the radial or ulnar artery?

Answer 57

Ulnar

Question 58

Is the deep palmar arch mostly from the radial or ulnar artery?

Answer 58

Radial

Question 59

Which artery runs through the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 59

Radial

Question 60

Name the 2 spaces and 1 tunnel within the hand

Answer 60

Palmar space Thenar space Lumbrical tunnel

Question 61

What dermatome is at the tip of the middle finger?

Answer 61

C7 (can work out rest using this)

Question 62

What is the general rule for innervation of the hand?

Answer 62

ALL ULNAR EXCEPT 'LOAF' Lumbricals (first two) Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicus brevis

Question 63

Is the radial nerve motor or sensory within the hand?

Answer 63

Sensory in hand (motor in posterior forearm)