30. Gluteal Region and Hip Joint Flashcards
Be able to label bony features of hip bone
Slides 3+4
Which ligaments make up the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Sacrospinous
Sacrotuberous
Which angles describe the position of the femur?
Angle of inclination and anteversion (torsion)
Be able to label bony features of the femur
Slide 7
Name the muscles of the gluteal region that laterally rotate the hip (5)
Gluteus Maximus (primarily an extensor) Piriformis Obturator internus Gemelli Quadratus femoris
Name the muscles of the gluteal region that medially rotate and abduct the hip (2)
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
What is the role of tensor fasciae latae?
Support
Origin of gluteus maximus?
Sacrum
Sacrotuberous ligament
Ilium behind posterior gluteal line
Insertion of gluteus maximus?
Iliotibial tract
Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action of gluteus maximus?
Extends hip
Assists lateral rotation
Innervation of gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2
Origin of tensor fasciae latae?
Anterior iliac crest
ASIS
Insertion of tensor fasciae latae?
Iliotibial tract
Function of tensor fasciae latae?
Tenses fasciae latae and IT tract
Supports femur on tibia during standing
Innervation of tensor fasciae latae?
Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1
Origin of gluteus medius?
Ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion of gluteus medius?
Greater trochanter of femur (lateral surface)
Action of gluteus medius?
Abducts and medially rotates hip
Innervation of gluteus medius?
Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1
Origin of gluteus minimus?
Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion of gluteus minimus?
Greater trochanter of femur (anterior surface)
Action of of gluteus minimus?
Abducts and medially rotates hip
Innervation of gluteus minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve
Origin of piriformis?
Anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion of piriformis?
Greater trochanter of femur (superior border)
Through which foramen does piriformis pass?
Greater sciatic
Action of piriformis?
Laterally rotates hip
Innervation of piriformis?
Anterior rami of S1, S2
Origin of obturator internus?
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane
Insertion of obturator internus?
Medial side of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)
Through which foramen does the obturator internus pass?
Lesser sciatic foramen
Action of obturator internus?
Laterally rotates hip
Innervation of obturator internus?
Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1
Origin of gemelli?
Superior - ischial spine
Inferior - ischial tuberosity
Insertion of gemelli?
Blends with tendon of obturator internus
Action of gemelli?
Laterally rotate hip
Innervation of gemelli?
Superior - nerve to obturator internus
Inferior - nerve to quadratus femoris
Origin of quadratus femoris?
Ischial tuberosity
Insertion of quadratus femoris?
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur
Action of quadratus femoris?
Laterally rotates hip
Innervation of quadratus femoris?
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
Origin of obturator externus?
Outer surface of obturator membrane
Insertion of obturator externus?
Trochanteric fossa
Action of obturator externus?
Laterally rotates hip
Innervation of of obturator externus?
Obturator nerve L3, L4
Divisions of sciatic nerve?
Tibial
Common fibular
Spinal nerve roots of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh?
S1, S2, S3
Which branch of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh supplies the inferior half of buttock?
Inferior clunial nerves
From which bony features does the iliofemoral ligament attach?
AIIS to intertorchanteric line
What movements does the iliofemoral ligament limit?
Extension
Lateral rotation
Adduction (upper band)
Abduction (lower band)
From which bony features does the pubofemoral ligament attach?
Iliopubic eminence to lower part of intertochanteric line
What movements does the pubofemoral ligament limit?
Extension
Lateral rotation
Abduction
From which bony features does the ischiofemoral ligament attach?
Posterior aspect of acetabulum to greater trochanter
What movements does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?
EXTENSION
Medial rotation
ADDUCTION
(not what you would expect - due to ‘spiraling’ of ligament)
Blood supply to the hip joint? (3)
Medial circumflex femoral
Lateral circumflex femoral
Acetabular branch (artery to head of femur)