30. Gluteal Region and Hip Joint

Question 1

Be able to label bony features of hip bone

Answer 1

Slides 3+4

Question 2

Which ligaments make up the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 2

Sacrospinous

Sacrotuberous

Question 3

Which angles describe the position of the femur?

Answer 3

Angle of inclination and anteversion (torsion)

Question 4

Be able to label bony features of the femur

Answer 4

Slide 7

Question 5

Name the muscles of the gluteal region that laterally rotate the hip (5)

Answer 5

Gluteus Maximus (primarily an extensor)
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Quadratus femoris

Question 6

Name the muscles of the gluteal region that medially rotate and abduct the hip (2)

Answer 6

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

Question 7

What is the role of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 7

Support

Question 8

Origin of gluteus maximus?

Answer 8

Sacrum
Sacrotuberous ligament
Ilium behind posterior gluteal line

Question 9

Insertion of gluteus maximus?

Answer 9

Iliotibial tract

Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 10

Action of gluteus maximus?

Answer 10

Extends hip

Assists lateral rotation

Question 11

Innervation of gluteus maximus?

Answer 11

Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2

Question 12

Origin of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 12

Anterior iliac crest

ASIS

Question 13

Insertion of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 13

Iliotibial tract

Question 14

Function of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 14

Tenses fasciae latae and IT tract

Supports femur on tibia during standing

Question 15

Innervation of tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 15

Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1

Question 16

Origin of gluteus medius?

Answer 16

Ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

Question 17

Insertion of gluteus medius?

Answer 17

Greater trochanter of femur (lateral surface)

Question 18

Action of gluteus medius?

Answer 18

Abducts and medially rotates hip

Question 19

Innervation of gluteus medius?

Answer 19

Superior gluteal nerve L4, L5, S1

Question 20

Origin of gluteus minimus?

Answer 20

Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Question 21

Insertion of gluteus minimus?

Answer 21

Greater trochanter of femur (anterior surface)

Question 22

Action of of gluteus minimus?

Answer 22

Abducts and medially rotates hip

Question 23

Innervation of gluteus minimus?

Answer 23

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 24

Origin of piriformis?

Answer 24

Anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

Question 25

Insertion of piriformis?

Answer 25

Greater trochanter of femur (superior border)

Question 26

Through which foramen does piriformis pass?

Answer 26

Greater sciatic

Question 27

Action of piriformis?

Answer 27

Laterally rotates hip

Question 28

Innervation of piriformis?

Answer 28

Anterior rami of S1, S2

Question 29

Origin of obturator internus?

Answer 29

Pelvic surface of obturator membrane

Question 30

Insertion of obturator internus?

Answer 30

Medial side of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)

Question 31

Through which foramen does the obturator internus pass?

Answer 31

Lesser sciatic foramen

Question 32

Action of obturator internus?

Answer 32

Laterally rotates hip

Question 33

Innervation of obturator internus?

Answer 33

Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1

Question 34

Origin of gemelli?

Answer 34

Superior - ischial spine | Inferior - ischial tuberosity

Question 35

Insertion of gemelli?

Answer 35

Blends with tendon of obturator internus

Question 36

Action of gemelli?

Answer 36

Laterally rotate hip

Question 37

Innervation of gemelli?

Answer 37

Superior - nerve to obturator internus | Inferior - nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 38

Origin of quadratus femoris?

Answer 38

Ischial tuberosity

Question 39

Insertion of quadratus femoris?

Answer 39

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur

Question 40

Action of quadratus femoris?

Answer 40

Laterally rotates hip

Question 41

Innervation of quadratus femoris?

Answer 41

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Question 42

Origin of obturator externus?

Answer 42

Outer surface of obturator membrane

Question 43

Insertion of obturator externus?

Answer 43

Trochanteric fossa

Question 44

Action of obturator externus?

Answer 44

Laterally rotates hip

Question 45

Innervation of of obturator externus?

Answer 45

Obturator nerve L3, L4

Question 46

Divisions of sciatic nerve?

Answer 46

Tibial | Common fibular

Question 47

Spinal nerve roots of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh?

Answer 47

S1, S2, S3

Question 48

Which branch of posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh supplies the inferior half of buttock?

Answer 48

Inferior clunial nerves

Question 49

From which bony features does the iliofemoral ligament attach?

Answer 49

AIIS to intertorchanteric line

Question 50

What movements does the iliofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 50

Extension Lateral rotation Adduction (upper band) Abduction (lower band)

Question 51

From which bony features does the pubofemoral ligament attach?

Answer 51

Iliopubic eminence to lower part of intertochanteric line

Question 52

What movements does the pubofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 52

Extension Lateral rotation Abduction

Question 53

From which bony features does the ischiofemoral ligament attach?

Answer 53

Posterior aspect of acetabulum to greater trochanter

Question 54

What movements does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 54

EXTENSION Medial rotation ADDUCTION (not what you would expect - due to 'spiraling' of ligament)

Question 55

Blood supply to the hip joint? (3)

Answer 55

Medial circumflex femoral Lateral circumflex femoral Acetabular branch (artery to head of femur)