7.5 Flashcards
homologous structures
similar structures shared by related species (similar to analogous but related)
vertebrates
animals with backbones
differences between prokaryote and eukaryote chromosomes
prokaryotes have single circular chromosome instead of linear like eukaryotes
introns
non coding, removed in genes
what makes species more related
more similar genes
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
single base pairs where genetic variation is found in at least 1% of the human population
copy number variants (CNVs)
loci where some individuals have one or multiple copies of a particular gene or genetic region rather than the standard 2 (one on each homolog)
homeobox
180 nucleotide sequence in some animals
strata
sedimentary rock layers
radiometric dating
based on decay of radioactive isotopes
half life
rate of decay, time for 50% of parent isotope to decay
stromatolites
layered rocks that form when certain prokaryotes bind thin films of sediment together
