3.6

Question 1

pathogen

Answer 1

organism that causes disease

Question 2

macrophages and mast cells

Answer 2

immune cells that recognize pathogens and release molecular compounds called cytokines and histamines

Question 3

cytokines

Answer 3

specialized chemicals signal other immune cells, called neutrophils, which digest pathogens

Question 4

biological fitness

Answer 4

ability to survive to reproductive age, find a mate and produce offspring

Question 5

relative fitness

Answer 5

contribution an individual makes to gene pool of next generation, relative to contributions of other individuals in poluation

Question 6

inclusive fitness

Answer 6

total effect individual has on proliferating its genes by producing its own offspring and providing aid that enables relatives to produce offspring

Question 7

hemoglobin variant

Answer 7

some organisms need different forms for max oxygen exchange

Question 8

chlorophyll variant

Answer 8

different forms for max energy absorption

Question 9

plant responses

Answer 9

due to hormone auxin, which triggers plant adjustment in position and growth

Question 10

cellular response

Answer 10

depending on cell type receptors within cell membrane will only respond to specific chemical messengers in the body